Sains Malaysiana 47(7)(2018): 1571–1578

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-27

 

Microwave Technique for Moisture Content and pH Determination during Pre- Harvest of Mango cv. Chok Anan

(Teknik Mikro Ketuhar untuk Kandungan Lembapan dan Penentuan pH Semasa Pra-Tuaian Mangga cv. Chok Anan)

 

NORADIRA SUHAIME¹, MASNIZA SAIRI^1,2, ZULKIFLY ABBAS¹*, NUR BIHA MOHAMED NAFIS¹, ZAULIA OTHMAN³, AMIR SYARIFFUDDEEN MHD ADNAN², AMIR REDZUAN SHAMSULKAMAL², SURIATI PAIMAN¹ & TITY NAZLEEN MOHAMED¹

 

¹Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Engineering Research Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute

(MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

³Bank Gene and Seed Center, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute

(MARDI), MARDI Headquarters, Persiaran MARDI-UPM, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor

Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 14 Disember 2017/Diterima: 20 Februari 2018

 

 

ABSTRACT

The maturity of mango is usually assessed by the determination of its moisture content (m.c.), soluble solid content (SSC) and pH. However, these techniques are either time consuming, tedious or destructive. In this research, we extend the application of the open-ended coaxial probe technique to determine m.c. and pH of Chok Anan mango from its dielectric properties from week 5 to week 17 after anthesis. The effects of frequency and m.c. on the values of the dielectric constant and loss factor were also investigated. The critical frequency separating the different polarizations was found to be inversely proportional to m.c. Also, in this research we proposed a new classification of fruit ripeness related to the number of weeks after anthesis. The actual dielectric properties, m.c., SSC and pH of Chok Anan mango were measured using standard methods. Relationships were established between the dielectric constant, loss factor, critical frequency, pH and m.c. The accuracy for the determination of m.c. and pH using the coaxial probe was within 1.7% and 3.0%, respectively.

 

Keywords: Dielectric; loss factor; moisture content; open-ended coaxial probe; pH

 

ABSTRAK

Kematangan mangga biasanya ditentukan oleh kandungan lembapan (m.c.), kandungan pepejal larut (SSC) dan pH. Walau bagaimanapun, teknik ini memakan masa yang lama, rumit atau merosakkan buah. Dalam penyelidikan ini, kami memperluaskan penggunaan teknik pengesan sepaksi terbuka untuk menentukan m.c. dan pH mangga Chok Anan daripada sifat dielektriknya dari minggu 5 hingga minggu 17 selepas pendebungaan. Kesan frekuensi dan m.c. pada nilai dielektrik dan faktor kehilangan juga dikaji. Frekuensi kritikal yang memisahkan polarisasi yang berbeza didapati berkadar songsang dengan m.c.. Selain itu, dalam penyelidikan ini kami mencadangkan pengelasan terbaharu untuk kematangan buah yang berkaitan dengan bilangan minggu selepas pendebungaan. Sifat dielektrik, m.c., SSC dan pH mangga Chok Anan yang sebenar diukur menggunakan kaedah piawai. Hubungan antara nilai dielektrik, faktor kehilangan, frekuensi kritikal, pH dan m.c. telah dibangunkan. Ketepatan untuk penentuan m.c. dan pH menggunakan pengesan sepaksi terbuka masing-masing adalah sebanyak 1.7% dan 3.0%.

 

Kata kunci: Dielektrik; faktor kehilangan; kandungan lembapan; pengesan sepaksi terbuka; pH

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: za@upm.edu.my