Sains Malaysiana 47(7)(2018): 1617–1623

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-33

 

Mixed Convection Flow of Viscoelastic Nanofluid Past a Horizontal Circular Cylinder with Viscous Dissipation

(Aliran Olakan Campuran Bendalir Nano Likat melalui Silinder Bulat Mengufuk dengan Pelepasan Likat)

 

RAHIMAH MAHAT^1,2, NORAIHAN AFIQAH RAWI², ABDUL RAHMAN MOHD KASIM³

 & SHARIDAN SHAFIE^2*

 

¹Universiti Kuala Lumpur Malaysian, Institute of Industrial Technology, Persiaran Sinaran Ilmu, 81750 Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

 

²Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

 

³Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuhraya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang

Darul Makmur, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 26 September 2017/ Diterima: 19 Februari 2018

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of viscous dissipation on mixed convection flow of viscoelastic nanofluid past a horizontal circular cylinder. Carboxymethyl cellulose solution (CMC) is chosen as the base fluid and copper as a nanoparticle with the Prandtl number Pr = 6.2. The transformed boundary layer equations for momentum and temperature subject to the appropriate boundary conditions are solved numerically by using Keller-box method. The influenced of the dimensionless parameters such as Eckert number, mixed convection parameter, nanoparticles volume fraction and viscoelastic parameter on the flow and heat transfer characteristics is analyzed in detail and presented graphically. The results come out with the velocity profiles are increased while the temperature profiles are decreased by increasing the values of nanoparticles volume fraction and viscoelastic parameter, respectively. The graph shows that, increasing Eckert number the skin friction is also increases. The values of skin friction are increased by increasing mixed convection parameter, but the values of Nusselt number produce an opposite behavior. The present study has many applications especially in heat exchangers technology and oceanography. Therefore, in future, it is hoping to study the viscoelastic nanofluid flow past a different geometric such as sphere and cylindrical cone.

 

Keywords: Horizontal circular cylinder; nanofluid; viscoelastic; viscous dissipation

 

ABSTRAK

Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kesan pelesapan likat pada aliran olakan campuran bendalir-nano likat kenyal melepasi sebuah silinder membulat yang mengufuk. Larutan selulosa karboksimetil (CMC) dipilih sebagai bendalir dasar dan tembaga sebagai nano zarah dengan nombor Prandtl Pr = 6.2. Persamaan lapisan sempadan yang diubah untuk momentum dan suhu tertakluk kepada syarat sempadan yang bersesuaian diselesaikan secara berangka dengan menggunakan Kotak-Keller. Kesan pemboleh ubah tanpa matra seperti nombor Eckert, parameter olakan campuran, pecahan isi padu nano zarah dan parameter likat kenyal ke atas aliran dan sifat pemindahan haba dianalisis secara terperinci dan dibincangkan secara grafik. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa profil halaju meningkat manakala profil suhu menurun masing-masing dengan peningkatan nilai pecahan isi padu nano zarah dan parameter likat kenyal. Graf menunjukkan bahawa dengan peningkatan nombor Eckert, geseran kulit juga meningkat. Nilai geseran kulit meningkat dengan peningkatan parameter olakan campuran, tetapi nilai nombor Nusselt menghasilkan tingkah laku yang bertentangan. Kajian semasa ini mempunyai banyak aplikasi terutamanya dalam teknologi penukaran haba dan oseanografi. Oleh itu, pada masa akan datang, diharapkan dapat mengkaji aliran bendalir-nano likat kenyal melepasi geometri yang berbeza seperti sfera dan kon bersilinder.

 

Kata kunci: Bendalir-nano; likat kenyal; pelesapan likat; silinder bulat mengufuk

RUJUKAN

Ahmad, S. & Pop, I. 2010. Mixed convection boundary layer flow from a vertical flat plate embedded in a porous medium filled with nanofluids. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 37(8): 987-991.

Bouchoucha, A.E.M. & Bessaih, R. 2015. Natural convection in a square cavity filled with nanofluids. Fluid Dynamics and Materials Processing 11(3): 279-300.

Choi, S.U.S. & Eastman, J.A. 1995. Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles. doi: https://www. osti.gov/servlets/purl/196525.

Dalir, N. 2014. Numerical study of entropy generation for forced convection flow and heat transfer of a jeffrey fluid over a stretching sheet. Alexandria Engineering Journal 53(4): 769-778.

Gebhart, B. 1962. Effects of viscous dissipation in natural convection. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 14(2): 225-232.

Hayat, T., Waqas, M., Shehzad, S.A. & Alsaedi, A. 2016. Mixed convection flow of viscoelastic nanofluid by a cylinder with variable thermal conductivity and heat source/sink. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 26(1): 214-234.

Khan, W.A. & Pop, I. 2010. Boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 53(11-12): 2477-2483.

Lin, Y., Zheng, L. & Zhang, X. 2014. Radiation effects on Marangoni convection flow and heat transfer in pseudo-plastic non-Newtonian nanofluids with variable thermal conductivity. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 77: 708-716.

Mabood, F., Khan, W.A. & Yovanovich, M.M. 2016. Forced convection of nanofluid flow across horizontal circular cylinder with convective boundary condition. Journal of Molecular Liquids 222: 172-180.

Merkin, J.H. 1977. Mixed convection from a horizontal circular cylinder. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 20(1): 73-77.

Mohamed, M.K.A., Salleh, M.Z., Md. Noar, N.A.Z. & Ishak, A. 2016. The viscous dissipation effects on the mixed convection boundary layer flow. Jurnal Teknologi 4: 73-79.

Nayak, M.K. 2016. Chemical reaction effect on mhd viscoelastic fluid flow over a vertical stretching sheet through porous medium. Ain Shams Engineering Journal 51(8): 1699-1711.

Nazar, R., Amin, N. & Pop, I. 2002. Mixed convection boundary-layer flow from a horizontal circular cylinder in micropolar fluids: Case of constant wall temperature. International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 13(1): 86-109.

Nield, D.A. & Kuznetsov, A.V. 2009. The Cheng-Minkowycz problem for natural convective boundary-layer flow in a porous medium saturated by a nanofluid. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 52(25-26): 5792-5795.

Noghrehabadi, A., Pourrajab, R. & Ghalambaz, M. 2012. Effect of partial slip boundary condition on the flow and heat transfer of nanofluids past stretching sheet prescribed constant wall temperature. International Journal of Thermal Sciences 54: 253-261.

Qasim, M., Khan, I. & Shafie, S. 2013. Heat transfer and mass diffusion in nanofluids over a moving permeable convective surface. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013: Article ID. 254973.

Rashad, A.M., Chamkha, A.J. & Modather, M. 2013. Mixed convection boundary-layer flow past a horizontal circular cylinder embedded in a porous medium filled with a nanofluid under convective boundary condition. Computers and Fluids 86: 380-388.

Rawi, N.A., Ilias, M.R., Isa, Z.M. & Shafie, S. 2016. G-jitter induced mixed convection flow and heat transfer of micropolar nanofluids flow over an inclined stretching sheet. AIP Conference Proceedings 1775(1): 030020.

Sarkar, S., Ganguly, S., Biswas, G. & Saha, P. 2016. Effect of cylinder rotation during mixed convective flow of nanofluids past a circular cylinder. Computers and Fluids 127: 47-64.

Soundalgekar, V.M. 1972. Viscous dissipation effects on unsteady suction porous flow past an infinite, with constant. Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 15: 1253-1261.

Tiwari, R.J. & Das, M.K. 2007. Heat transfer augmentation in a two-sided lid-driven differentially heated square cavity utilizing nanofluids. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 50(9-10): 2002-2018.

Zaib, A., Bhattacharyya, K. & Shafie, S. 2015. Unsteady boundary layer flow and heat transfer over an exponentially shrinking sheet with suction in a copper-water nanofluid. Journal of Central South University 22(12): 4856-4863.

Zokri, S.M., Arifin, N.S., Salleh, M.Z., Kasim, A.R.M., Mohammad, F. & Yusoff, W.N.S.W. 2017a. MHD Jeffrey nanofluid past a stretching sheet with viscous dissipation effect MHD Jeffrey nanofluid past a stretching sheet with viscous dissipation effect. Journal of Physics: Conference Series Paper 890: 1-6.

Zokri, S.M., Arifin, N.S., Mohamed, M.K.A., Salleh, M.Z., Kasim, A.R.M. & Mohammad, N.F. 2017b. Numerical solution on mixed convection boundary layer flow past a horizontal circular cylinder in a jeffrey fluid with constant heat flux. AIP Conference Proceedings 1870(1): 040034.

 

 

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: sharidan@utm.my