Sains Malaysiana 50(4)(2021): 1077-1087

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5004-18

Prestasi Mekanik Korona Zirkonia Monolitik melalui Kaedah Unsur Terhingga

(Mechanical Performance of Monolithic Zirconia Crown through Finite Element Methods)

MOHAMAD NAJIB MOHD KASMANI, NOOR FAEIZAH AMAT, MEOR IQRAM MEOR AHMAD & ANDANASTUTI MUCHTAR*

Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 14 Jun 2020/Diterima: 11 September 2020

ABSTRAK

Dalam kajian ini, prestasi mekanik korona zirkonia monolitik bagi aplikasi dental dikenal pasti melalui analisis kaedah unsur terhingga (FEM) iaitu analisis terma dan analisis beban mekanikal. Zirkonia ialah bahan restorasi dental yang semakin meluas digunakan kerana mempunyai sifat bioserasi dan estetik yang baik berbanding bahan lain. Oleh itu, tujuan utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti ketebalan korona zirkonia monolitik yang mampu menahan kitaran beban yang dikenakan, mengenal pasti kesan kitaran perubahan suhu pada struktur korona dengan ketebalan berbeza dan mengenal pasti perhubungan antara kitaran beban dan kitaran terma pada korona gigi zirkonia monolitik melalui simulasi FEM. Model 3D reka bentuk berbantu komputer (CAD) korona zirkonia monolitik dengan ketebalan 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 dan 0.9 mm telah dijana melalui kaedah imbasan tomografi berkomputer. Kitaran beban yang dikenakan adalah 300, 400, 500, 600, 700 dan 800 N manakala kitaran terma pula dikenakan perubahan suhu antara 5 sehingga 55 °C. Justeru, gabungan analisis ini melalui simulasi FEM menggambarkan persekitaran mulut yang lebih realistik dan kompleks terhadap prestasi korona zirkonia monolitik bagi aplikasi dental. Hasil simulasi FEM mendapati bahawa ketebalan 0.8 dan 0.9 mm merupakan ketebalan yang paling selamat kerana menerima tekanan Von Mises paling sedikit berbanding ketebalan lain. Namun, ketebalan 0.5 mm juga masih mampu menahan beban mekanikal dan perubahan suhu yang dikenakan tetapi berisiko untuk mengalami keretakan.

Kata kunci: Beban kitaran; kaedah unsur terhingga; kesan ketebalan; korona dental; zirkonia monolitik

ABSTRACT

In this study, the mechanical performance of monolithic zirconia crowns for dental applications was identified through the finite element method (FEM) from thermal and mechanical load analyses. Zirconia is a widely used dental restoration material because of its high biological compatibility with the oral cavity environment and good esthetic properties over other materials. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the thickness of the monolithic zirconia crowns that can withstand the load exerted, the effects of temperature changes on crown structures with different thicknesses, and the relationship between mechanical cyclic loads and thermal cyclic changes of the monolithic zirconia crowns through FEM simulation. The 3D computer-aided design monolithic zirconia crowns with a thickness of 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 mm were produced through computed tomography. Cyclic loads were applied between 300 and 800 N, whereas thermal cycles were subjected between 5 and 55 °C. Hence, the combination of this analysis through FEM simulation will illustrate a realistic and complex oral environment of the monolithic zirconia crown performance for dental application. FEM simulation results showed that the thickness of 0.8 and 0.9 mm was the safest as the monolithic zirconia crowns with the aforementioned thickness values received the minimum Von Mises stress compared with those with other thickness values. However, monolithic zirconia crowns with the thickness of 0.5 mm were still able to withstand the mechanical loads and temperature changes that were imposed but were at risk for cracks.

Keywords: Cyclic load; dental crown; finite element method; monolithic zirconia; thickness effect

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: muchtar@ukm.edu.my