Sains Malaysiana 50(8)(2021): 2141-2152

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5008-01

Effects of Prohexadione Calcium Applications on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)

(Kesan Penggunaan Kalsium Proheksadion kepada Ciri Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Timun (Cucumis sativus L.)

HAKAN BAŞAK*

Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture, Turkey

Diserahkan: 8 Ogos 2020/Diterima: 19 Disember 2020

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to determine the effects of growth regulator prohexadione calcium (Pro-Ca) and inhibitor gibberellic acid on some parameters (yield, pigment levels of leaves, nutrient contents, proline, enzyme activities and fruit quality) when applied at different doses (0, 15, 30, 45, and 60 mg L^-1). Chemicals were applied after transplanting seedlings. A total of 12 plots including 3 plants for each dose were used in randomised plot experimental design. Although it has a positive effect on leaf proline content and enzyme activities, 45, and 60 mg  L^-1 doses of Pro-Ca had negative effects on morphological parameters (excluding stem diameter), yield, leaf pigment (excluding chlorophyll a) and nutrient contents compared to control. High Pro-Ca doses generally affected the fruit quality properties positively while 15 mg L^-1 of Pro-Ca did not affect other parameters, except decreasing fruit yield. A 30 mg L^-1 of Pro-Ca dose was the most positive effective dose on the examined parameters. The highest vegetative development, yield, nutrient uptake and proline content were obtained from the plants subjected to 30 mg L^-1 of Pro-Ca dose. Moreover, this dose increased fruit firmness, TSS, EC values and enzyme activities compared to control. Being an important quality criterion in cucumber storage after harvest, the weight loss rate 29.4% was lower in fruits obtained from the plant having 30 mg L^-1 of Pro-Ca dose compared to that of the control plants. Therefore, 30 mg L^-1 of Pro-Ca application, beside its positive effects on plant growth, yield and fruit quality, can be suggested for also increase shelf life of fruits in cucumber cultivation in greenhouse. 

Keywords: Cucumber; fruit quality; growth; prohexadione calcium; yield

ABSTRAK

Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji kesan penggunaan pengatur pertumbuhan kalsium proheksadion (Pro-Ca) dan perencat asid giberelik pada beberapa parameter (hasil, tahap pigmen daun-daun, kandungan nutrien, prolina, aktiviti enzim dan kualiti buah) apabila diaplikasikan pada dos yang berbeza (0, 15, 30, 45 dan 60 mg L^-1). Bahan kimia diaplikasikan selepas pindah tanam anak-anak benih. Sejumlah 12 plot tanaman termasuk 3 tumbuhan untuk setiap dos telah digunakan dalam reka bentuk uji kaji plot rawak. Walaupun terdapat kesan positif pada kandungan prolina daun dan aktiviti enzim, dos Pro-Ca 45 dan 60 mg L^-1 menunjukkan kesan negatif pada parameter morfologi (tidak termasuk diameter batang), hasil, pigmen daun (tidak termasuk klorofila) dan kandungan nutrien berbanding dengan parameter terkawal. Dos Pro-Ca yang tinggi secara umumnya memberi kesan yang positif kepada kualiti buah manakala Pro-Ca dengan 15 mg L^-1 tidak memberi kesan kepada parameter yang lain, kecuali penurunan hasil buah. Dos Pro-Ca 30 mg L^-1 menunjukkan dos yang paling positif pada parameter yang dikaji. Pembangunan vegetatif, hasil, pengambilan nutrien dan kandungan prolina yang tertinggi telah diperoleh daripada tumbuhan yang dikenakan dos Pro- Ca 30 mg L^-1. Malah, dos tersebut meningkatkan kepejalan buah, TSS, nilai EC dan aktiviti enzim jika dibandingkan dengan parameter terkawal. Penyimpanan timun selepas penuaian merupakan kriteria yang amat penting, kadar penurunan berat sebanyak 29.4% adalah lebih rendah pada buah yang diperoleh daripada tumbuhan yang menerima dos Pro-Ca 30 mg L^-1 jika dibandingkan dengan tumbuhan yang terkawal. Oleh itu, aplikasi Pro-Ca dengan dos 30 mg L^-1, selain kesan positif terhadap pertumbuhan tumbuhan, hasil dan kualiti buah, ia juga menunjukkan peningkatan hayat simpan buah buahan dalam penuaian timun dalam rumah hijau.

Kata kunci: Hasil; kalsium proheksadion; kualiti buah; pertumbuhan; timun

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: hbasak@ahievran.edu.tr