Sains Malaysiana 50(8)(2021): 2329-2341

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5008-16

Characterization, Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Collagen Hydrolysate from Lamuru (Caranx ignobilis) Fishbone

(Pencirian, Antioksidan dan Aktiviti Perencatan α-Glukosid Kolagen daripada Tulang Ikan Lamuru (Caranx ignobilis))

SYAMSU NUR¹*, YOGILLVERD WIERSON¹, YULIA³, FITRIYANTI JUMAETRI SAMI¹, MEGAWATI¹, ANDI NUR AISYAH², MARWATI³ & SAHIBUDDIN A. GANI¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, 90242 Daya Makassar, Indonesia

²Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, 90242 Daya Makassar, Indonesia

³Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, 90242 Daya Makassar, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 10 Februari 2020/Diterima: 18 Disember 2020

ABSTRACT

The Lamuru fish (Caranx ignobilis) is mostly found in tropical waters of the indo-pacific region, namely Indonesia. It is believed to contain collagen and this study aims to isolate collagen from its bone and determine the collagen’s antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In our study, the collagen was extracted using acetic acid which was hydrolyzed by collagenase enzyme from Clostridium histolyticum at a temperature of 37 °C, and pH 7.0. During hydrolysis, the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was calculated and collagen hydrolysates were characterized by SDS -PAGE, UV-Visible spectroscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy. After characterization, the collagen hydrolisate of lamuru ( CHL) fish was analyzed for its antioxidant properties and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The result shows that a higher percentage degree of hydrolysis was obtained, 31.17%, at 120 min of hydrolysis. The CHL characterization by SDS -PAGE showed its molecular weight ranging from 35,000-180,000 Daltons and identified the collagen as type I. The UV-Vis analysis of CHL provided a maximum absorbance at a wavelength of 233 nm. At the same time, the FT-IR analysis showed the presence of amides I, II, and III, which confirms the formation of the collagen triple helix. For its bioactivity assay, the CHL shows that CHL provided DPPH radical reduction activity reaching 51.45±1.24% (IC₅₀ at 485.9 µg/mL). The ferric reduction antioxidant power of CHL (FRAP value) showed a significant reduction of Fe³⁺ to Fe²⁺ with a value of 711.27 µM/g. The CHL inhibition activity of α-glucosidase enzyme IC₅₀ was determined to be 574 µg/mL. Based on the antioxidant bioactivity and α-glucosidase inhibition, the collagen peptide enables its use as a therapeutic development for a variety of disorders caused by oxidative stress, such as diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: α-glucosidase inhibitory; antioxidant; Caranx ignobilis; characterization; collagen hydrolysate (CHL)

ABSTRAK

Ikan Lamuru (Caranx ignobilis) adalah sejenis ikan yang hidup di perairan Indo-Pasifik khasnya Indonesia. Ia dipercayai mengandungi bahan kolagen dan kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengasingkan bahan kolagen daripada tulang ikan Lamuru serta menentukan aktiviti antioksidan dan perencatan oleh α-glukosid. Dalam kajian ini, kolagen daripada tulang ikan lamuru diekstrak menggunakan asid asetik dan kemudian dihidrolisis menggunakan enzim kolagenase daripada Clostridium histolyticum pada 37 °C, pH 7.0. Semasa hidrolisis, tahap hidrolisis (DH) telah dapat ditentukan. Kolagen tulang ikan Lamuru ( CHL ) dicirikan oleh SDS -PAGE, spektroskopi UV boleh nampak dan spektroskopi FT-IR. Setelah pencirian, CHL dianalisis aktiviti menghambat antioksidan dan α-glukosid. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa tahap peratusan hidrolisis lebih tinggi berlaku pada 120 min dengan peratusan kadar hidrolisis sebanyak 31.71%. Pencirian CHL oleh SDS -PAGE memperoleh berat molekul purata antara 35,000-180,000 Dalton dan menunjukkan ia adalah merupakan jenis kolagen I. Analisis UV boleh nampak CHL menyediakan penyerapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 233 nm. Pada masa yang sama, analisis FT-IR mengesan kehadiran amides I, II dan III yang menunjukkan formasi gandaan tiga heliks kolagen. Untuk ujian bioaktiviti, CHL menunjukkan bahawa CHL memberi aktiviti pengurangan radikal DPPH mencapai 51.45±1.24% (IC₅₀ pada 485.9 μg/mL) dan kuasa antioksidan penurunan besi CHL (nilai FRAP), Fe³⁺ hingga Fe²⁺ bernilai 711.27 μM/g. CHL daripada tulang ikan mampu memerencat aktiviti enzim α-glukosid dengan nilai IC₅0 574 μg/mL. Berdasarkan pengujian bioaktiviti antioksidan dan penghambatan alfa glukosid sehingga kolagen peptida membolehkannya digunakan sebagai pengembangan terapi berkaitan dengan pelbagai sebab yang disebabkan oleh tekanan oksidatif seperti diabetes mellitus.

Kata kunci: Antioksidan; Caranx ignobilis; kolagen hidrolisat (CHL); pencirian; perencatan α-glukosid

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