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Sains Malaysiana 51(12)(2022):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5112-25
The Effect of Probiotic Biscuit on Faecal Microbiota in Malnourished Children
(Kesan Biskut Probiotik kepada Mikrobiota Najis dalam Kalangan Kanak-kanak Kurang Nutrisi)
ANNIS CATUR ADI1,*, CLARA KUSHARTO2 & SRI ANNA MARLIYATI2
1Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public
Health, Universitas Airlangga, 60115
Surabaya,
East Java, Indonesia
2Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680 Bogor, West Java,
Indonesia
Diserahkan: 21 September 2021/Diterima:
23 September 2022
Abstract
A human intervention study on the
effect of 90 days supplementation of creamed biscuit with the potential of
containing probiotic strain E. faecium IS-27526 at a dose of 108cfu/day
on Bifidobacterium in the faecal microbiota of malnourished children under 5
years was conducted. The study was a Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled
Trial for children under five years old. There were 5 groups with 6 children
each: P0 = control biscuit with control cream; P1 = fish and soy protein
isolate biscuit with control cream; P2 = control biscuit with probiotic cream;
P3 = fish and soy protein isolate biscuit with probiotic cream (every day) and
P4 = fish and soy protein isolate biscuit with probiotic cream (every two
days). PCR was used to detect Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus faecium in faeces samples. It was concluded after 90 days of supplementation,
only 25% of children in the controlled group (P0) harboured Bifidobacterium. In
treated groups P1 and P4, the percentage of children positive for
Bifidobacterium was approximately 60%, while in groups P2 and P3 the prevalence
was 100%. However, the increase of 10% was only demonstrated by P3 as 100% of
Bifidobacterium content has been shown in group P2 at the pre-treatment
condition. In
the controlled group (P0), E. faecium could not be identified either pre
or post-intervention, in contrast to the treated groups which showed an
increase in some treatments with the highest of 66.7% (group P3). No adverse
effect was observed during 90 days of supplementation to children. In
conclusion, supplementation of fish and soy protein isolate biscuit and/or
probiotic cream every day at a dose of 108cfu/day is considered safe
for children under five years old and even increased the number of
samples with the presence of bifidobacteria and E. faecium in the fecal microbiota.
Keywords: Bifidobacterium; Enterococcus faecium; malnourished; microbiota; probiotic cream
Abstrak
Kajian campur tangan manusia terhadap kesan suplemen 90 hari biskut berkrim dengan potensi mengandungi strain probiotik E. faecium IS-27526 pada dos 108cfu/hari pada Bifidobakteria dalam mikrobiota najis kanak-kanak kurang zat makanan di bawah 5 tahun telah dijalankan. Kajian ini ialah Percubaan Rawak Terkawal Dwibuta Plasebo untuk kanak-kanak di bawah umur lima tahun. Terdapat 5 kumpulan dengan 6 kanak-kanak setiap satu: P0 = biskut kawalan dengan krim kawalan; P1 = biskut pencilan protein ikan dan
soya dengan krim kawalan; P2 = biskut kawalan dengan krim probiotik; P3 = biskut pencilan protein ikan dan
soya dengan krim probiotik (setiap hari) dan P4 = biskut pencilan protein ikan dan soya dengan krim probiotik (setiap dua hari).
PCR digunakan untuk mengesan Bifidobakteria dan Enterococcus
faecium dalam sampel najis. Kesimpulannya, selepas 90 hari suplemen, hanya 25% kanak-kanak dalam kumpulan terkawal (P0) memendam Bifidobacterium. Dalam kumpulan rawatan P1 dan P4, peratusan kanak-kanak positif Bifidobakteria adalah kira-kira 60% manakala dalam kumpulan P2 dan P3 prevalens adalah 100%. Walau bagaimanapun, peningkatan sebanyak 10% hanya ditunjukkan oleh P3 kerana 100% kandungan Bifidobakteria telah ditunjukkan dalam kumpulan P2 pada keadaan pra-rawatan. Dalam kumpulan kawalan (P0), E.
faecium tidak dapat dikenal pasti sama ada sebelum atau selepas intervensi, berbeza dengan kumpulan yang dirawat yang menunjukkan peningkatan dalam beberapa rawatan dengan tertinggi sebanyak 66.7% (kumpulan P3). Tiada kesan sampingan diperhatikan semasa 90 hari pemberian suplemen kepada kanak-kanak. Kesimpulannya, penambahan biskut pencilan protein ikan dan soya dan/atau krim probiotik setiap hari pada dos 108cfu/hari dianggap selamat untuk kanak-kanak di bawah umur lima tahun malah menambah bilangan sampel dengan kehadiran bifidobakteria dan E. faecium dalam mikrobiota najis.
Kata kunci: Bifidobakteria; Enterococcus faecium; krim probiotik; kurang zat; mikrobiota
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: annis_catur@fkm.unair.ac.id
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