Sains Malaysiana 51(8)(2022): 2619-2632

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5108-21

Sifat Nilai Tambah Membran Selulosa Terjana Semula: Suatu Ulasan

(Regenerated Cellulose Membrane and Its Added Value: A Review)

NUR JANNAH MD HASSAN¹, KUSHAIRI MOHD SALLEH^2,3,*, SARANI ZAKARIA¹ & NURSYAMIMI AHMAD GHAZALI¹

¹Jabatan Fizik Gunaan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Bioresource Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia

³Renewable Biomass Transformation Cluster, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 24 Ogos 2021/Diterima: 15 Februari 2022

Abstrak

Atas ketersediaan bahan mesra alam yang kian pesat untuk pelbagai institusi ekonomi, kini bahan biopolimer bukanlah alternatif asing bagi menggantikan polimer sintetik. Pengolahan sifat kimia selulosa merupakan salah satu langkah ke arah kemapanan yang dapat memenuhi kehendak pasaran yang dahagakan sumber alam yang lestari. Selulosa terbukti memupuk kos penghasilan yang rendah, tidak toksik, mudah diolah dan kepelbagaian produk yang terjana daripadanya. Antara produknya ialah membran selulosa terjana semula (MSTS), bebenang, hidrogel dan aerogel. Walau bagaimanapun, keterbatasan produk yang dijana semula daripada selulosa terutamanya MSTS memerlukan pengubahsuaian fizikal mahupun kimia, serta bahan tambah yang lain untuk meningkatkan kefungsiannya. Antara bahan tambah MSTS seperti kitosan, nanozarah perak dan grafin oksida memberi sifat yang berbeza mengikut kehendak industri. Oleh itu, fokus utama ulasan kajian ini adalah bagi melihat kebaikan nilai tambah MSTS yang diolah daripada segi sifat fizikal, mekanikal, kimia, antibakteria dan biodegradasinya. Seterusnya, melihat aplikasi MSTS yang telah diubah suai terhadap industri khususnya perubatan, pertanian dan perawatan air.

Kata kunci: Antibakteria; penghasilan; produk berasaskan biosumber; produk hijau

Abstract

Due to the increasing availability of environmentally friendly materials for various economic institutions, now biopolymer materials are not a foreign alternative to replace synthetic polymers. The processing of the chemical properties of cellulose is one of the steps towards sustainability that can meet the needs of a market for sustainable natural resources. Cellulose was proven to cultivate low production costs, non -toxic, easy to process, and a variety of products generated from it. Among its products are regenerated cellulose membranes (RCM), threads, hydrogels, and aerogels. However, the limitations of products regenerated from cellulose especially RCM required pysical dan chemical modification and other additives to enhance its functionality. Among RCM additives such as chitosan, silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide impart different properties according to industry requirements. Therefore, the main focus of this study was to study the value-added benefits of processed MSTS as well as its effectiveness in terms of physical, mechanical, chemical, antibacterial and biodegradable properties. Furthermore, the application of RCM has been modified to industries particularly medicine, agriculture and waste water treatments are further evaluated.

Keywords: Antibacterial; bioresource based products; green products; production

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^*Pengarang surat-menyurat; email: kmsalleh@usm.my