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Sains Malaysiana 52(5)(2023):
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-13
The Impact of Bisphenol A Exposure during Pregnancy on the
Heart of Mother and Fetal Rats
(Kesan Pendedahan Bisfenol A kepada Hati Ibu dan Fetus
Tikus semasa Bunting)
ZATILFARIHIAH
RASDI1, ROZIANA KAMALUDIN2, SITI HAMIMAH SHEIKH ABDUL
KADIR3,4,*, MOHD DANIAL MOHD EFENDY GOON3,4, JESMINE KHAN3,
SHARANIZA AB. RAHIM3 & MOHD HAFIZ DZARFAN OTHMAN2
1Centre of
Preclinical Sciences Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA,
Cawangan Selangor, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Advanced
Membrane Technology Research Center (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor Darul
Takzim, Malaysia
3Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti
Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan,
Malaysia
4Institute
for Pathology, Laboratory and Forensic Medicine (I-PPerForM), Universiti
Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 6 September
2022/Diterima: 29 Mac 2023
Abstract
In
utero bisphenol A (BPA) exposure has
been reported to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adult
life. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of in utero BPA
exposure on proteins expression related to cardiac function in heart of rat
foetuses (Rattus norvegicus). In here, pregnant rats were divided into
tween-80 (vehicle control), 0.05 mg/mL and 0.2 mg/mL BPA via drinking water for
19 days: from pregnancy day 2 till 21. Caesarean section was conducted on
pregnancy day 21 to collect plasma and heart of both mother and foetuses.
BPA-exposed pregnant rats showed significant increase in blood pressure (BP)
and reduction in glycogen content (p<0.05) in comparison to control pregnant
rats. Remarkably, reduced expression of cardiac troponin
I (cTnI) and redistribution of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) expression were in
foetus of BPA-exposed mother in comparison with foetus of control mother.
Hypoxia induced factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) expression was elevated in
BPA-exposed foetal heart compared to the control. The findings in here suggest
the risk of in utero BPA exposure on both foetus and mother, which may
increase the risk of CVD in later life by altering the expression of protein
crucial for heart development and function.
Keywords:
Bisphenol A; cardiovascular disease; foetus; prenatal; protein expression
Abstrak
Pendedahan
bisfenol A (BPA) in utero dilaporkan mampu meningkatkan risiko penyakit
kardiovaskular (CVD). Penyelidikan ini dijalankan untuk mengkaji impak in
utero apabila didedah kepada BPA dari segi ekspresi protein berkait dengan
fungsi kardiak dalam jantung fetus tikus (Rattus norvegicus). Tikus
bunting telah diberi tween-80 (kawalan pembawa), 0.05 mg/mL atau 0.2 mg/mL BPA
melalui air minuman selama 19 hari; dari hari kedua bunting hingga hari ke 21.
Pembedahan Caesarean dijalankan pada hari bunting ke-21 untuk memperoleh plasma
dan jantung daripada fetus dan ibu tikus. Tikus bunting terdedah kepada BPA
menunjukkan kenaikan tekanan darah dan penurunan kandungan glikogen yang ketara
(p<0.05) berbanding kumpulan kawalan tikus bunting. Didapati ekspresi aruhan hipoksia faktor-1
alfa (HIF-1α) meningkat dalam jantung fetus yang
terdedah dengan BPA berbanding kumpulan kawalan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan
risiko pendedahan BPA dalam rahim ke atas fetus dan ibu tikus boleh meningkatkan
risiko penyakit jantung terutamanya dengan peningkatan umur melalui peningkatan ekspresi
protein yang penting dalam perkembangan dan fungsi jantung.
Kata kunci: Bisfenol A; ekspresi
protein; fetus; penyakit kardiovaskular; pranatal
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: sitih587@uitm.edu.my
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