Sains Malaysiana
52(5)(2023):
1581-1593
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5205-19
Identifying
Outlier Subjects in Bioavailability Trials Using Generalized Studentized
Residuals
(Pengenalpastian Subjek Outlier
dalam Ujian Ketersediaan Biologi Menggunakan Residu Terstuden)
F.P. LIM1,*, L.L. WONG2, H.K. YAP3 & K.S. YOW4
1,2,4Department of Mathematics and Statistics,
Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3Department
of Mathematical and Actuarial Sciences, Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering
and Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Sungai Long Campus, Bandar Sungai
Long, Cheras, 43000 Kajang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
19 Ogos 2022/Diterima: 10 Mei 2023
Abstract
This paper discusses several outlier detection methods
for bioavailability trials, particularly based on residuals. By considering a
simplified model of standard crossover model, which is commonly used in
bioavailability trials, we propose an outlier detection procedure based on the
generalized studentized residuals (SR3) and compare its ability of detecting
the possible outlying subjects with two existing procedures, which are carried
out based on the classical studentized residual (SR1) and studentized residual
using median absolute deviation (SR2). The performances of these procedures in
detecting outlying subject are presented via an extensive simulation study. The
results show that the proposed procedure SR3 performs more powerful than that
using SR1, and as well as the procedure using SR2 for outlier detection. As an
illustration, these procedures are implemented on a real dataset from
bioavailability study, namely, the area under the curve (AUC) dataset for two
erythromycin formulations.
Keywords: Bioavailability; crossover design; generalized studentized residuals;
outlier; residual
Abstrak
Kertas ini membincangkan beberapa kaedah pengesanan titik terpencil untuk
ujian bioketersediaan, terutamanya berdasarkan residu. Dengan mempertimbangkan
satu model silang piawai yang biasa digunakan dalam ujian bioketersediaan, kami
mencadangkan satu prosedur pengesanan titik terpencil berdasarkan residu terstuden teritlak (SR3) dan
membandingkan keupayaannya untuk mengesan kemungkinan subjek terpencil dengan
dua prosedur sedia ada, iaitu dijalankan berdasarkan residu terstuden klasik (SR1)
dan residu terstuden yang menggunakan sisihan mutlak median (SR2). Prestasi
prosedur berkenaan dalam mengesan subjek terpencil dibentangkan melalui kajian
simulasi yang ekstensif. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa prosedur yang dicadangkan
SR3 berprestasi lebih baik daripada prosedur yang menggunakan SR1, dan juga
prosedur menggunakan SR2 bagi pengesanan titik terpencil. Sebagai ilustrasi,
prosedur tersebut dilaksanakan pada satu set data sebenar daripada kajian
bioketersediaan, iaitu, luas di bawah lengkungan (AUC) set data untuk dua
formulasi eritromisin.
Kata kunci: Bioketersediaan;
pencilan; reka bentuk silang; residu terstuden teritlak; residu
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: fongpeng@upm.edu.my
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