Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 3 (2016): 517 - 524

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2003-08

 

 

 

EVALUATION OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATIONS IN WILD AND CULTIVATED Hemibagrus sp. USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS

 

(Penilaian Kepekatan Logam Berat dalam Hemibagrus sp. dari Habitat Semulajadi dan Kolam Ternakan Menggunakan Kaedah Analisis Komponen Utama)

 

Nor Shahirul Umirah Idris^{1, 2, 3}*, Sharifuddin Md.Zain¹, Kah Hin Low¹, Ahmad Firdaus Kamaruddin⁴, Kaharudin Md. Salleh⁵

 

¹Environmental Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science

²Institute of Graduate Studies

University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

³Faculty of Earth Science,

Universiti Malaysia Kelantan Kampus Jeli, Karung Berkunci No.100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia

⁴East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI),

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

⁵Fisheries Research Institute, Freshwater Fisheries Research Division,

Glami Lemi, 71650 Titi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: shahirulumirah@gmail.com

 

 

Received: 24 February 2015; Accepted: 27 October 2015

 

 

Abstract

In the present study, the concentration of Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, and As in various tissues of Hemibagrus sp. from two different habitat were determined with microwave assisted digestion-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The objective of this research was to determine the differences between wild and cultivated in terms of heavy metal accumulation in muscle, liver and gills tissues. The metals accumulation pattern relating types of tissue and elements as well as fish habitats were revealed by principal component analysis. The results revealed that variation in metal accumulation pattern is strongly dependent on the type of tissues. The results suggested that Cu, Zn, and Pb are highly associated with liver tissue while Cr and As with muscle and gills. The differences in heavy metal accumulation observed between wild and cultivated Hemibagrus sp. were probably due to the differences in their environmental conditions.

 

Keywords: principal component analysis, pattern recognition, heavy metal, fish, farmed

 

Abstrak

Kepekatan Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, dan As dalam  pelbagai tisu Hemibagrus sp. dari dua habitat yang berlainan adalah ditentukan dengan pencernaan bantuan gelombang mikro-plasma gadingan teraruh-jirim spektrometri. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan perbezaan antara ikan dari habitat semulajadi dan kolam ternakan dari segi pengumpulan logam berat dalam tisu, hati, dan insang. Corak pengumpulan logam berkaitan jenis tisu dan elemen kajian serta habitat ikan ditunjukkan oleh analisis komponen utama. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa perubahan dalam corak pengumpulan logam adalah bergantung kepada jenis tisu. Keputusan kajian mencadangkan bahawa elemen Cu, Zn, dan Pb adalah berkaitan dengan organ hati  manakala elemen Cr dan As adalah berkaitan dengan tisu dan insang. Perbezaan dalam pengumpulan logam berat di antara Hemibagrus sp. dari habitat liar dan kolam ternakan adalah mungkin disebabkan oleh perbezaan dalam keadaan persekitaran mereka.

 

Kata kunci: Analisis komponen utama, corak taburan, logam berat, ikan, kolam ternakan

 

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