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Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2667–2676 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-09
Kajian Elektrolit Polimer berasaskan Getah
Asli Terubah Suai (MG49) dalam Sel Suria Terpeka Pewarna (An Investigation of Modified Natural Rubber-Based (MG49) Polymer Electrolyte
in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells) SHUHIB MAMAT1,
MOHAMAD
FAIZZI1,
MOHD
SUKOR
SU’AIT1*,
NORASIKIN
AHMAD
LUDIN1,
KAMARUZZAMAN
SOPIAN1,
NURUL
AKMALIAH
DZULKURNAIN2,
AZIZAN
AHMAD3,
LOH
KEE
SHYUAN4,
LEE
TIAN
KHOON4
& DANIEL BRANDELL5 1Solar Energy Research Institute
(SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Center
(UMPEDAC), Wisma R&D, Universiti Malaya, Jalan Pantai Baharu,
59990 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia 3School of Chemical Sciences and
Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 4Fuel Cell Institute
(FCI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 5Department of Chemistry,
Ångström Laboratory, Structural Chemistry, Uppsala University,
Sweden Received: 7 March 2018/Accepted:
13 July 2018 ABSTRAK Kajian terhadap elektrolit
polimer berasaskan 49% poli(metil metakrilat) cangkukan getah
asli (MG49) dengan natrium iodida (NaI) dalam aplikasi sel suria
terpeka pewarna (DSSC)
telah dijalankan. Kesan kepekatan garam ke atas sifat elektrokimia,
morfologi, kimia dan kehabluran MG49-NaI telah dianalisis menggunakan
spektroskopi impedan elektrokimia (EIS), mikroskopi imbasan elektron (SEM),
spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier (FTIR)
dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD). Morfologi keratan rentas menunjukkan
struktur membran berliang mikro dan homogen. Nilai kekonduksian
ion tertinggi pada suhu bilik bagi membran elektrolit polimer
MG49-NaI pada penambahan 30 % bt. garam NaI adalah 8.86 × 10-5 S
cm-1. Analisis inframerah menunjukkan interaksi antara atom
oksigen dengan ion natrium berlaku pada kumpulan berfungsi eter
(C–O–C) dan karbonil (C=O). Sifat kehabluran MG49-NaI polimer
elektrolit didapati berkurang dengan peningkatan kepekatan garam.
Analisis kronoamperometri memberikan nilai nombor pindahan ion
(tion) sebanyak 0.92 membuktikan elektrolit
polimer MG49-NaI (30 % bt.) adalah pengkonduksi jenis ion. Ujian
prestasi DSSC keadaan pepejal bagi FTO/TiO2-N719/MG49-NaI
(30 % bt.)/I2/Pt sampel telah memberikan keputusan kecekapan setinggi
0.26% dengan prestasi fotovoltaik, Jsc, Voc dan
ff masing-masing adalah 1.30 mA cm-2, 0.56 V dan 34.91. Membran
dalam keadaan pepejal-kuasi atau separa pepejal memberikan nilai
kecekapan 3.48% dengan nilai Voc = 0.75 V, Jsc =
12.71 mA cm-2 dan FF = 37.70. Kata kunci: Elektrolit polimer; natrium iodida (NaI); sel suria terpeka
pewarna (DSSC); 49% poli(metil metakrilat) cangkukan getah asli
(MG49) ABSTRACT A dye-sensitized solar cell
(DSSC)
was fabricated utilizing 49% poly(methyl methacrylate)-grafted
natural rubber (MG49) with sodium iodide (NaI) as ion conducting
membrane. The effect of NaI concentrations on electrochemical,
morphological, chemical interaction and the crystallinity properties
of MG49 has been analyzed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
(EIS),
scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared
spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD),
respectively. The highest ionic conductivity of 8.86 × 10-5 S
cm-1 at room temperature for MG49-NaI
(30 wt. %) polymer electrolyte membrane is achieved. The cross-sectional
morphology showed a homogenous microporous structure of the membrane.
Infrared analysis indicated that the interactions occurred between
oxygen atoms from ether (C–O–C) and carbonyl (C=O) group of the
polymer with sodium ions. XRD analysis showed the property of semi-crystalline phase
reduced with the increases of salt concentration. The chronoamperometry
analysis of MG49-NaI (30 wt. %) give an ionic transference number
value of 0.92, proving that the polymer electrolyte membrane is
ionic conductor and predominates by the number of ions presence.
A fabricated solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) of FTO/TiO2-N719/MG49-NaI(30
wt. %)-I2/Pt under light intensity of 100 mW cm-2,
gives results of the photovoltaic responses with Jsc,
Voc,
ff and efficiency of 1.30 mA cm-2, 0.56 V, 34.91 and 0.26%,
respectively. In quasi-solid DSSC, an effieciency of 3.48%
with Voc = 0.75 V, Jsc = 12.71 mA cm-2 and
FF
= 37.70 was achieved. Keywords: Dye-sensitized solar
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