Sains Malaysiana 47(7)(2018): 1517–1525

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4707-20

Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Polyvinyl Chloride/Microcrystalline Cellulose (ENR/PVC/MCC) Composite Membrane for Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment

(Membran Komposit Getah Asli Terepoksida/Polivinil Klorida/ Selulosa Mikrohablur (ENR/PVC/MCC) untuk Rawatan Efluen Kilang Minyak Kelapa Sawit (POME))

AINA AQILA ARMAN ALIM¹ & RIZAFIZAH OTHAMAN^1,2*

¹School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Polymer Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 2 October 2017/Accepted: 10 March 2018

ABSTRACT

Epoxidized natural rubber/polyvinyl chloride/microcrystalline cellulose (ENR/PVC/MCC) composite membranes were prepared and used to treat palm oil mill effluent (POME). The loadings of MCC were varied at 0, 5, 10 and 15 w/w%. The increment of MCC loads has intensified the hydroxyl peak of the membranes in FTIR spectrum, indicating the increase in membrane hydrophilicity. MCC acted as a pore forming agent since the ENR/PVC/10% MCC gave the highest water flux and well-distributed pores. After first treatment of POME, the levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solid (TSS) were reduced to 99.9%, 70.3%, and 16.9%, respectively. These data showed that ENR/PVC/MCC membrane has the potential to treat POME.

Keywords: Composite membrane; epoxidized natural rubber; microcrystalline cellulose; polyvinyl chloride; pore forming agent

ABSTRAK

Membran komposit getah asli terepoksida/polivinil klorida/selulosa mikrohablur (ENR/PVC/MCC) telah disediakan dan digunakan untuk rawatan efluen kilang minyak kelapa sawit (POME). Penambahan MCC telah divariasikan pada 0, 5, 10 dan 15 w/w%. Penambahan MCC telah meningkatkan puncak hidroksil membran melalui spektrum FTIR yang menunjukkan peningkatan sifat hidrofilik membran. MCC juga bertindak sebagai ejen penjanaan liang disebabkan oleh bacaan ujian fluks air yang paling tinggi dan taburan liang yang sekata pada membran ENR/PVC/10% MCC. Selepas rawatan POME yang pertama, tahap permintaan oksigen kimia (COD), permintaan oksigen biokimia (BOD) dan jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS) masing-masing telah berkurang sebanyak 99.9%, 70.3% dan 16.9%. Oleh itu, membran ENR/PVC/MCC didapati berpotensi untuk merawat POME.

Keywords: Agen penjanaan liang: getah asli terepoksida; membran komposit; polivinil klorida; selulosa mikrohablur

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*Corresponding author; email: rizafizah@ukm.edu.my