The
Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 10 No 1 (2006): 7 – 14
INDEKS KUALITI AIR NEGARA (IKAN)
SISTEM SUNGAI LABU
Lim Sun Hool, Abdullah Samat2,
Mohd. Rozali Othman3
1Program Sains Sekitaran, Pusat Pengajian
Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam,
2Program Sains Laut, Pusat Pengajian Sains
Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam,
3Program Kimia, Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia
dan Teknologi Makanan,
Fakuti
Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Abstract
Water quality study
was carried out twice a month from July 1999 until July 2000 at three rivers in
Langat Basin consisting of 14 sampling stations. Sampling has been carried out at
Labu River, Batang Nilai River and selected location at Langat River. Six parameters
viz ammoniacal-nitrogen (NH3-N),
biochemical oxygen demand (BOD),
chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO) and suspended solid (SS)
are used to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI). Analyses of the parameters
are according to the methods proposed by American Public Health Association (APHA)
1995 and Hach manual 1998. WQI indicates that Station 1 (Kampung Tengah) is in class
II whilst other part of the rivers are
in class III. The result obtained from WQI show a significant decreasing trend
between upstream (76.59%) and downstream (56.52%) of Labu River. However, Batang
Nilai River has recorded the lowest in term of WQI (54.61%) among sampling stations.
Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) Two-Factor Without
Replication (α=0.01) show that only pH exhibits significant differences between
dry season and wet season. Anthropogenic factors were the main reason for the WQI
variation obtained compare to the seasonal factor.
Keywords: Labu River System, Water Quality Index (WQI)
Rujukan
1. Jabatan Pertanian Malaysia. Keluasan tanah sawah padi terbiar di Negeri Sembilan. http://agrolink.moa.my/doa/English/idleland/s_sban.html.
2. Elliot, L. 2000. ASEAN’s environmental regime: pursuing
sustainability in Southeast Asia. Global Environmental
Change 10: 237-247.
3. N.A. Nik Fuaad, 1990. Bekalan air, pembentungan dan pengairan. Penerbit
Universiti Sains Malaysia, Pulau Pinang.
4.
Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS),
1998. Laporan Kualiti
Alam Sekitar 1997. Kementerian Sains, Teknologi dan Alam Sekitar Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur.
5. APHA., 1995. Standard methods
for the examination of water and wastewater. Ed. ke-19. APHA, AWWA
& AWPFC, Washington.
6. HACH,
1998. DR/2010 Spectrophometer procedures
manual. Hach Company, USA.
7.
Alabaster, J.S. and Lloyd, R. 1982. Water quality criteria for freshwater fish. Ed. ke-2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Butterworth Scientific, London.
8. Cairns, J. Jr., Heath, A.G. and Parker, B.C. 1975. The
effects of temperature upon the
toxicity of chemicals to aquatic
organisms. Hydrobiologia 47: 135-171.
9. Prescott,
G.W. 1968. The algae: a review.
Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston.
10. Mohd
Rozali Othman, Abdullah Samat and Lim Sun Hoo, 2002. The effect of WQI on the distribution
of fish in Labu River System in sub-Langat Basin, Malaysia, OnLine J. of Biological
Sciences, 2(1), 28 - 31