Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 5 (2015): 1072 - 1083

 

 

 

ANALISIS KUALITI AIR FIZIKO-KIMIA DAN KANDUNGAN MIKROB DI HULU SUNGAI LANGAT, SELANGOR

 

(A Physico-Chemical water quality and Microbial content Analysis in Upstream of

Langat River, Selangor)

 

Muhammad Barzani Gasim¹*, Nazirah Zakaria¹, Roslan Umar^1,2, Ahmad Dasuki Mustafa¹

 

¹East Coast Environmental Research Institute (ESERI)

²Faculty of Islamic Contemporary Studies

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: drbarzani@gmail.com

 

 

Received: 14 April 2015; Accepted: 9 July 2015

 

 

Abstrak

Kajian kualiti air yang terdiri dari parameter terpilih  fiziko-kimia dan mikrob telah dijalankan di Sungai Langat untuk menentukan dan mengkelaskan nilainya. Persampelan telah dijalankan sebanyak dua kali; pertama pada 9 Jun 2011 dan yang kedua pada 22 Februari 2012. Lokasi persampelan terdiri daripada tujuh stesen; lima stesen yang mewakili anak Sungai Langat manakala dua stesen yang terletak di Sungai Langat. Pengukuran secara in-situ seperti: oksigen terlarut, kekonduksian elektrik, jumlah pepejal terlarut, pH dan suhu telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan multiparameter YSI 556, manakala analisis makmal adalah berdasarkan kaedah HACH dan APHA. Hasilnya menunjukkan; suhu (23.4-27.7˚C), pH (5.07 – 6.15), EC (29.3 – 61.5 μS/cm), TDS (19.7 – 47.0 mg/L), DO (3.68 – 5.72 mg/L), BOD (1.29 – 3.76 mg/L), COD (13.5 – 77.85 mg/L), TSS (9.5 – 86.5 mg/L), NH₃N (0.15 – 0.79 mg/L), NO₃ (0.8 – 4.9 mg/L), PO4^3- ( 0.15 – 0.7 mg/L), SO₄^2- (0.5 – 12.5 mg/L) dan parameter biologi koliform najis (2.58 × 104 – 4.74 × 106 cfu/100 ml). Berdasarkan indeks kualiti air dan piawaian kualiti air kebangsaan; kebanyakan parameter dikelaskan sebagai kelas I, II, III dan V. Ujian ANOVA sehala bagi langkah-langkah berulang dan ujian korelasi Pearson telah digunakan. Keputusan keseluruhan menunjukkan sungai-sungai terpilih di hulu Sungai Langat telah diklasifikasikan sebagai sederhana tercemar.

 

Kata kunci: Sungai Langat, kualiti air, parameter fiziko-kimia, E. coli

 

Abstract

Water quality study of the selected physico-chemical and microbial parameters of the Langat River were carried out to determine and classified their values. Sampling was carried out twice; first on 9 June 2011 and the second was on 22 February 2012. The sampling site consist of seven stations; five stations representing for Langat River branches while two stations are located in Langat River. The in-situ measurements are: dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, total dissolved  solids, pH and temperature were performed using YSI 556 multiparameter, while the laboratory analysis were based on HACH and APHA methods. Result shows; temperature (23.4 – 27.7˚C), pH (5.07 to 6.15), EC (29.3 – 61.5 µS/cm), TDS (19.7 – 47.0 mg/L), DO (3.68 – 5.72 mg/L), BOD (1.29 – 3.76 mg/L), COD (13.5 – 77.85 mg/L), TSS (9.5 – 86.5 mg/L), NH₃N (0.15 – 0.79 mg/L), NO₃ (0.8 – 4.9 mg/L), PO₄³⁻ (0.15 – 0.7 mg/L), SO₄^2- (0.5 – 12.5 mg/L) and biological parameters of faecal coliform (2.58 × 10⁴ – 4.74 ×10⁶ cfu/100 ml). Based on water quality index and the National Water Quality Standards classifications, they belong to the class I, II, III and V. One-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Pearson correlation test been used. The overall results showed the selected rivers in upstream of Langat River were classified as moderately polluted.

 

Keywords: Langat River, water quality, physico-chemica parameters, E. Coli

 

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