Sains Malaysiana 40(4)(2011): 379–384

Effect of Aluminum Hydroxide Loading on the Compression Stress and Modulus, Thermal Conductivity and Acoustic Properties of Palm-Based Polyurethane Hybrid Composite

 (Kesan Penambahan Aluminium Hidroksida Terhadap Tegasan dan Modulus Mampatan, Kekonduksian Terma dan Sifat Akustik Komposit Hibrid Poliuretana Berasaskan Sawit)

Nor Rabbi’atul ‘Adawiyah Norzali & Khairiah Haji Badri*

School of Chemical Sciences & Food Technology, Faculty of Science & Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Mohd Zaki Nuawi

Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Received: 9 December 2009 / Accepted: 15 July 2010

ABSTRACT

The effect of adding aluminum hydroxide (ATH) in the palm-based polyurethane hybrid composite was studied. The compression stress and modulus, thermal conductivity and acoustic property were determined. The hybrid composite was prepared by adding 10 wt% of oil palm empty fruit bunch fibre (EFB) followed by ATH at varying amount of 2, 4 and 6 wt% of the overall mass of the resin. The compression stress and modulus gave the highest values of 575 kPa and 2301 kPa, respectively at 2 wt% ATH. At 4 wt% ATH, the compression stress and modulus decreased to 431 kPa and 1659 kPa, respectively and further decreased at 6 wt% ATH to 339 kPa and 1468 kPa respectively. The k-value increased with the increment of the ATH loading exhibited a poor thermal conductivity. Sound absorption analysis indicated that the absorption coefficient was higher at higher frequency (4000 Hz) for all samples with PU-EFB/ATH with 4% ATH showed the highest absorption coefficient.

Keywords: Acoustic property; aluminum hydroxide; palm-based polyurethane; thermal conductivity

ABSTRAK

Kesan penambahan aluminum hidroksida (ATH) ke dalam komposit hibrid poliuretana (PU) berasaskan sawit telah dikaji. Tegasan dan modulus mampatan, kekonduksian terma dan sifat akustiknya ditentukan. Komposit hibrid PU disediakan dengan menambahkan 10% bt serabut tandan kosong kelapa sawit (EFB) diikuti dengan penambahan ATH pada peratus penambahan divariasikan pada 2, 4 dan 6% bt mengikut berat keseluruhan resin. Tegasan dan modulus mampatan adalah pada nilai tertinggi pada penambahan 2% bt. ATH iaitu masing-masing 338 kPa dan 2209 kPa. Pada 4% bt. ATH, tegasan dan modulus mampatan menurun kepada masing-masing 431 kPa dan 1659 kPa dan semakin menurun dengan penambahan 6% ATH kepada masing-masing 379 kPa dan 1468 kPa. Nilai k meningkat dengan penambahan ATH dan mempamerkan sifat kekonduksian terma yang lemah. Analisis serapan bunyi menunjukkan koefisien serapan yang tinggi pada frekuensi tinggi (4000 Hz) untuk semua sampel dengan PU-EFB/ATH (4% bt ATH) menunjukkan pekali serapan tertinggi.

Kata kunci: Aluminum hidroksida; kekonduksian terma; poliuretana berasaskan sawit; sifat akustik

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*Correspondence author; email: kaybadri@ukm.my