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Sains Malaysiana 42(10)(2013): 1357–1364
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of Olea europaea L.
subsp. europaea Cultivars
Grown in the Marmara Region, Turkey
(Analisis Filogenetik Molekul bagi Kultivar Olea
europaea L. subsp. europaea
Ditanam di Wilayah Marmara, Turki)
F. Coşkun1* 1Department
of Biology, College of Arts & Sciences Balikesir University, Cagis Campus 10145, Balikesir-Turkey
2Department of Biology, The Institute of Science & Technology
of Balikesir University Cagis Campus
10145, Balikesir –Turkey
Received: 10 March 2013/Accepted:
12 May 2013
ABSTRACT
DNA markers
based on the PCR techniques are being broadly utilized during the past
two decades. Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD)
is one of these techniques employed for determining the polymorphisms. In this
study, we performed a molecular analysis using DNA markers
for some olive (Olea europaea) cultivars grown in the Marmara Region of
Turkey. Our goal was to determine the genetic relationships between 12 olive
cultivars and ‘Delice’, the outgroup. Seven RAPD primers
out of 60 (10 base-pair long) amplified gDNAs with repeatable bands. These primers generated 84 characters / bands in total
and 39 out of these were polymorphic. After a Branch-and-Bound analysis and a Neighbour Joining (NJ) analysis via PAUP*
software, the smallest genetic distance was found between Gordales and Karamursel Su cultivars as 0.03571 whereas the
greatest distances were found between Arbequina and Ascolana, Manzanilla, Hermandos, Gemlik, Verdial and Vegral cultivars as
0.17857, respectively. Maximum parsimony (MP)
analysis yielded 8 equally most parsimonious trees with 65 steps.
Alternatively, NJ analysis produced one tree mostly
congruent with MP tree number one. In conclusion,
Turkish olive cultivars grown in the Marmara Region appear to be sister to the
Spanish olive cultivars based on the RAPD data.
Keywords: Genetic distance; Marmara Region; Olea
europaea subsp. europaea;
olive cultivars; phylogenetic
relationships; RAPD
ABSTRAK
Penanda DNA didasarkan pada teknik PCR telah digunakan secara kasar dalam dua dekad lepas. DNA Polimorfik Teramplifikasi Secara Rawak (RAPD) adalah salah satu daripada teknik yang digunakan untuk menentukan polimorfisme. Dalam kajian ini, kami telah menjalankan analisis molekul menggunakan penanda DNA bagi beberapa penanda kultivar zaitun (Olea europaea) yang ditanam di Wilayah Marmara, Turki. Tujuan kami ialah untuk menentukan perhubungan genetik antara 12 kultivar zaitun dan kumpulan luar ‘Delice’. Tujuh primer RAPD daripada 60 (10 pasangan bes panjang) teramplifikasi gDNA dengan jalur boleh ulang. Primer ini telah menjana sejumlah 84 sifat/jalur dan 39 daripadanya ialah polimorfik. Selepas analisis Ranting-dan-Terikat dan suatu analisis Jiran Menyambung (NJ) melalui perisian PAUP*, jarak genetik paling kecil telah ditemui antara kultivar Gordales dan Karamursel Susebagai 0.03571 manakala jarak yang paling besar telah ditemui antara kultivar Arbequina dan Ascolana, Manzanilla, Hermandos, Gemlik, Verdial dan Vegral masing-masing pada 0.17857. Analisis Parsimoni Maksimum (MP) menghasilkan 8 pepohon yang paling sama dengan parsimoni dengan 65 langkah. Sebagai alternative, analisis NJ menghasilkan satu pepohon yang paling kongruen dengan pepohon MP nombor satu. Sebagai rumusan, kultivar zaitun Turki yang ditanam di Wilayah Marmara dilihat sebagai adik beradik kepada kultivar zaitun Sepanyol didasarkan kepada data RAPD.
Kata kunci: Jarak
genetik; kultivar
zaitun; Olea europaea subsp. europaea;
perhubungan filogenetik;
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*Corresponding author; email: fcoskun@balikesir.edu.tr, fatihc1@yahoo.com
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