Sains Malaysiana 46(1)(2017): 123–128

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4601-16

Production of Biomass by Schizophyllum commune and Its Antifungal Activity towards

Rubberwood-Degrading Fungi

(Penghasilan Biojisim oleh Schizophyllum commune dan Aktiviti Antikulat ke atas Kulat Pereput Kayu Getah)

YI PENG TEOH^1,2*, MASHITAH MAT DON¹ & SALMIAH UJANG³

¹School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Seberang Perai South, Penang, Malaysia

²Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), P.O Box 77, D/A Pejabat Pos Besar, 01000 Kangar, Perlis Indera Kayangan, Malaysia

³Chemistry and Wood Protection Programme, Forest Product Division, Forest Research Institute of Malaysia (FRIM), 52109 Kepong, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Received: 18 Jun 2014/Accepted: 29 April 2016

ABSTRACT

Rubberwood is the most popular timber for furniture manufacturing industry in Malaysia. Major drawback concerned that rubberwood is very prone to attack by fungi and wood borers, and the preservation method using boron compounds exhibited hazardous effect to the workers. Fungal-based biological control agents have gained wide acceptance and Schizophyllum commune secondary metabolite played an important role in term of antifungal agent productivity. The effects of initial pH, incubation temperature and agitation on biomass production by S. commune were investigated under submerged shake culture. In this work, it was found that the synthetic medium with initial solution pH of 6.5 and incubated at 30ºC with shaking at 150 rpm provided the highest biomass production. The biomass extract from S. commune was then applied onto the rubberwood block panel to investigate its effectiveness. The results showed that biomass extract at a concentration of 5 μg/μL could inhibit the growth of selected rubberwood-degrading fungi, such as Lentinus sp., L. strigosus and Pycnoporus sanguineus.

Keywords: Antifungal activity; biomass production; effectiveness; rubberwood-degrading fungi; Schizophyllum commune

ABSTRAK

Kayu getah ialah kayu yang paling popular untuk industri pembuatan perabot di Malaysia. Kelemahan utama bagi kayu getah itu adalah serangan oleh kulat dan pengorek kayu dan kaedah pengawetan menggunakan sebatian boron menunjukkan kesan berbahaya kepada pekerja. Agen kawalan biologi yang berasaskan kulat telah mendapat penerimaan luas, dan metabolit sekunder Schizophyllum commune memainkan peranan penting dalam produktiviti agen antikulat. Kesan pH awal, suhu pengeraman dan penggoncangan bagi penghasilan biojisim oleh S. commune telah dikaji di bawah kultur kelalang goncang. Dalam kajian ini, didapati bahawa medium sintetik dengan pH permulaan 6.5 dan dikultur pada 30ºC dengan goncangan pada 150 rpm menghasilkan biojisim tertinggi. Ekstrak biojism daripada S. commune kemudiannya telah ditindakbalaskan ke atas blok kayu getah untuk menguji akan keberkesanannya. Keputusan menunjukkan ekstrak biojisim pada kepekatan 5 μg/μL berkeupayaan merencat pertumbuhan kulat pereput kayu terpilih, seperti Lentinus sp., L. strigosus dan Pycnoporus sanguineus.

Kata kunci: Aktiviti antikulat; keberkesanan; kulat pereput kayu getah; penghasilan biojisim; Schizophyllum commune

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*Corresponding author; email: ypteoh@unimap.edu.my