Sains Malaysiana 46(1)(2017): 157–165

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4601-20

Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions on Surface of Functionalized Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fibres: Single and Binary Systems

(Penjerapan Ion Logam Berat pada Permukaan Terfungsi Serabut Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit: Sistem Tunggal dan Penduaan)

MOHD SHAIFUL SAJAB²*, CHIN HUA CHIA¹, SARANI ZAKARIA¹ & MIKA SILLANPÄij

¹School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

²Research Center for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

³Faculty of Technology, Lappeenranta University of Technology, Patteristonkatu 1, FI-50100 Mikkeli, Finland

Received: 28 March 2015/Accepted: 26 January 2016

ABSTRACT

The functionalization of surface charges on oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibers was modified by grafted carboxylic acid and polymer amine groups. Single and binary adsorption of Cu(II), Ni(II), Mo(VI) and As(V) were investigated by competitiveness in the adsorbents. The mechanism of each metal ion was deliberately studied on kinetics-diffusion (intraparticle diffusion) and isotherm adsorption models (Langmuir and Freundlich). Competitiveness of metal ions was found in the selectivity of Cu(II) > Ni(II) and Mo(VI) > As(V) in the binary solution. The regeneration of adsorbents was performed up to five cycles of an adsorption/desorption process and the reduction of adsorption performance was less than 14.5%. Therefore, this promises low-cost adsorbents for metal ion uptake, showing potential for removal and recovery in industrial wastewater treatment.

Keywords: Binary adsorption; desorption; isotherm; kinetics; low-cost adsorbent

ABSTRAK

Pemfungsian cas permukaan pada serabut kosong tandan kelapa sawit (EFB) telah terubah suai dengan cantuman kumpulan asid karboksil dan polimer amina. Penjerapan tunggal dan penduaan bagi Cu(II), Ni(II), Mo(VI) dan As(V) telah dikaji dengan persaingan penjerapan dalam bahan penjerap. Mekanisme bagi setiap logam berat telah dipertimbangkan ke atas kinetik-resapan (resapan intrazarah) dan model penjerapan isoterma (Langmuir dan Frendulich). Persaingan ion logam berat telah dijumpai pada pemilihan bagi Cu(II) > Ni(II) dan Mo(VI) > As(V) dalam larutan penduaan. Penjanaan semula bahan penjerap telah dijalankan sehingga lima kali kitaran proses penjerapan/nyahjerapan dan pengurangan prestasi penjerapan adalah kurang dari 14.5%. Oleh itu, ia menjanjikan bahan penjerap kos-rendah bagi pengambilan ion logam, menunjukan potensi bagi penyingkiran dan pemulihan dalam rawatan air buangan industri.

Kata kunci: Bahan penjerap kos-rendah; isoterma; kinetik; nyahjerapan; penjerapan penduaan

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*Corresponding author; email: mohdshaiful@ukm.edu.my