Sains Malaysiana 51(11)(2022): 3647-3662

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-11

Abstract

Flaxseed oil rich in α-linolenic acid (ALA) has many health beneficial properties, but suffers from oxidation degradation due to its unsaturated nature, and may need a protective delivery system to apply to different food formulations.  In this study,  the rocket seed gum was used as a novel encapsulation agent to produce freeze-dried powders. The rocket seed gum (RSG), gum arabic (GA), and their combination were used at two different oil: wall material ratios. Replacing GA with RSG changed the flow behavior of emulsions from Newtonian to shear-thinning, also RSG addition improved the rheological properties of flaxseed emulsion and provided viscoelastic solid characteristics. The encapsulation efficiency (EE %) of flaxseed oil was changed between 38.14 and 52.37%. The effect of wall material type was not significant while the ratio of wall material to oil was significant (p<0.05). The FT-IR image of powders showed that flaxseed oil was successfully encapsulated by the RSG. The flaxseed oil powders prepared by RSG showed 3.12 to 5.73 times higher oxidative stability than the flaxseed oil and the powder prepared only with GA. The more amount of air voids observed in SEM images of powders produced with GA might also be related to their lower oxidative stability. Our study showed that rocket seed gum can be successfully used as a new encapsulation agent to produce oxidatively stable microencapsulated flaxseed oil powders.

Keywords: FTIR; microencapsulation; oxidative stability; oxitest; rheology

Abstrak

Minyak biji rami yang kaya dengan asid α-linolenik (ALA) mempunyai banyak sifat bermanfaat untuk kesihatan, tetapi mengalami degradasi pengoksidaan kerana sifat tak tepunya dan mungkin memerlukan sistem penghantaran perlindungan untuk digunakan pada formulasi makanan yang berbeza. Dalam kajian ini, gam biji roket digunakan sebagai agen enkapsulasi novel untuk menghasilkan serbuk kering beku. Gam biji roket (RSG), gam arab (GA) dan gabungannya digunakan pada dua minyak berbeza: nisbah bahan dinding. Penggantian GA dengan RSG mengubah tingkah laku aliran emulsi daripada Newtonian kepada penipisan ricih, juga penambahan RSG meningkatkan sifat reologi emulsi biji rami dan memberikan ciri pepejal viskoelastik. Kecekapan enkapsulasi (EE%) minyak biji rami telah diubah antara 38.14% dan 52.37%. Kesan jenis bahan dinding adalah tidak signifikan manakala nisbah bahan dinding kepada minyak adalah signifikan (p<0.05). Imej serbuk FT-IR menunjukkan bahawa minyak biji rami berjaya dienkapsulasi oleh RSG. Serbuk minyak biji rami yang disediakan oleh RSG menunjukkan kestabilan oksidatif 3.12 hingga 5.73 kali lebih tinggi daripada minyak biji rami dan serbuk yang disediakan hanya dengan GA. Lebih banyak jumlah lompang udara yang diperhatikan dalam imej SEM serbuk yang dihasilkan dengan GA mungkin juga berkaitan dengan kestabilan oksidatif yang lebih rendah. Kajian kami menunjukkan bahawa gam biji roket boleh berjaya digunakan sebagai agen enkapsulasi baharu untuk menghasilkan serbuk minyak biji rami berkapsul mikro yang stabil secara oksidatif.

Kata kunci: FTIR; kestabilan oksidatif; mikroenkapsulasi; oxitest; reologi

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^*Corresponding author; email: skarasu@yildiz.edu.tr