Sains Ma1aysiana 26(1): 103-109 (1997) Sains Hayat/
Life Sciences
Some Studies into the Effects of Metaldehyde
on Cultured Cells
Salmijah Surif, Anita Mohd. Zubir & Maimon Abdullah
Jabatan Biokimia dan Jabatan Zoologi
Fakulti Sains Hayat, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
UKM Bangi 43600 Selangor D.E. Malaysia
ABSTRACT
Metaldehyde is used widely in Malaysia for the control of molluscs. This communication reports the cytotoxic effects of this chemical on cultured cells as assessed by cell morphology and the DNA synthesing capability as well as its transport into cells. After 15 days of exposure with 20.0 ppm of the compound, the DNA synthesising capability was shown to be unaffected. The IC50 for Vero cells was 276.0 ppm. Transport of thymidine across cells was found to be not significantly affected even at high metaldehyde concentrations (up to 320.0 ppm) suggesting integrity of cells were not significantly affected. The present cellular studies have therefore shown that the cytotoxic effects of this chemical is rather low.
ABSTRAK
Metaldehida digunakan dengan meluas di Malaysia untuk mengawal perosak moluska. Kesan sitotoksik bahan kimia ini di peringkat sel dari segi ciri-ciri perubahan moifologi dan keupayaan mensintesis DNA serta kajian awal kesannya terhadap proses kemasukan ke dalam sel dilaporkan di sini. Keupayaan mensintesis DNA didapati tidak terjejas secara signifikan selepas diberikan 20.0 ppm metaldehida secara berterusan selama 15 hari. Nilai IC50 bagi sel Vero adalah 276.0 ppm. Kemasukan timidina ke dalam sel tidak terjejas secara signifikan apabila sel diperlakukan dengan metaldehida, walaupun pada kepekatan yang agak tinggi iaitu sehingga 320.0 ppm. Kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa kesan sitotoksik oleh metaldehida adalah rendah.
RUJUKAN/REFERENCES
Booze, T.F. & Oehme, F.W. 1985. Metaldehyde toxicity: A review. Veterinary and Human Toxicology 27(1): 11-19.
Cragg, J.B & Vincent, M.H. 1952. The action of metaldehyde on the slug Agriolimax reticulatus (muller). Annals of Applied Biology 39: 392-406.
Henderson, I.F. 1969. A laboratory method of assessing the toxicity of stomach poison to slugs. Annals of Applied Biology 63: 167-171.
Merck Index. 1989. Windholz, M(ed) Merck and Co., New Jersey.
Salmijah, S., Jah, S., Azimahtol, H.L.P, Maimon, A., Noraini, D., & Noran, A.M. 1991. Cytotoxic studies of carbaryl and lindane on cells in culture. Proceedings 16th Malaysian Biochemical Society.
Shue S. 1990. Kajian kesitotoksikan metaldehida terhadap sel dalam kultur. Tesis Sarjanamuda Sains Jabatan Biokimia, Fakulti Sains Hayat, UKM. 66pp.
Spencer, E.Y. 1968. Metaldehyde. In Guide to the chemicals used in crop protection. 5th ed. Canadian Deparment of Agriculture.
Triebskom, R. 1989. Ultrastuctural changes in the digestive tracts of Derocerus reticulatus (muller) induced by a carbamate molluscide and by metaldehyde. Malacologia 31(1): 141-156.
Verma, S.P., Rastogi & Un, P.S. 1992. Hexachlorocyclohexane pesticide reduce survival and alter plasma membrance structure of Chinese Hamster V79 cells. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 298(2): 587-593.
Ware, G.W. 1983. Pesticides Theory and Application. W.H. Freeman & Co.
Wedgewood, M.A. & Bailey, S.E.R. 1988. The inhibitory effects of the molluscicide metaldehyde on feeding, locomotion and faecal elimination of three pest species of terrestrial slug. Annals of Applied Biology 112: 439-457.
|