Sains Malaysiana 34(2): 121–123 (2005)

Physicochemical Properties of Crude

Elateriospermum tapas Seeds Oil

(Sifat Fizikokimia Minyak Kasar Biji

Elateriospermum tapos)

Jumat Salimon & 0oi Yong Yong

Oleochemistry Programme

School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology

Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, D.E., Malaysia

ABSTRACT

The crude oil of perah, Elateriospermum tapos, seeds collected from northern Perak was extracted. The chemical properties of extracted oil such as acid value, free fatty acids percentage, iodine value, peroxide value and saponification value were analyzed. The oil physical characteristics such as viscosity, refractive index and color were also determined. The fatty acids composition of the extracted oil was determined using the gas chromatography (GC) method. Both oleic acid (34.55 %) and linoleic acid (31. 76 %) were detected as the dominant fatty acids while palmitic acid and stearic acid were the saturated fatty acids found in the perah seeds oil. Unlike most seed oils, perah seeds oil contained α-linoleneic acid (16.10%) as part of its five major fatty acids composition. Results from analyses showed that perah seeds oil is a potential nutritive seeds oil to be developed in the future.

Keyword: Perah seed oil, polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid

ABSTRAK

Minyak kasar biji perah, Elateriospermum tapos, diperolehi dari bahagian utara Perak telah diekstrak. Sifat kimia minyak terekstrak seperti nilai asid, peratus asid lemak bebas, nilai iodin, nilai peroksida dan nilai penyabunan telah dianalisa. Sifat fiziknya pula seperti nilai kelikatan, indek bias dan warna juga telah dilakukan. Kandungan asid lemak minyak yang diekstrak telah ditentukan dengan menggunakan kaedah kromatograpi gas (KG). Asid oleik (34.55 %) dan asid linoleik (31.76 %) merupakan dua jenis asid lemak utama sementara asid palmitik dan asid stearik merupakan asid-asid lemak tepu yang ditemui dalam minyak biji perah. Tidak seperti kebanyakan minyak biji benih lain, minyak biji perah mengandungi asid α-lenolenik (16.10%) sebagai sebahagian dari komposisi asid lemak utamanya. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa minyak biji perah mempunyai potensi yang baik sebagai sumber minyak bernutrisi tinggi untuk dibangunkan pada masa akan datang

Kata kunci: minyak biji perah, asid politaktepu, asid lenoleik

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