Sains Malaysiana 39(5)(2010): 817–820
Preparation of Palm Oil Methyl Esters
for Alkenyl Succinic Anhydride Production
(Penyediaan
Metil Ester Minyak Sawit untuk Penghasilan Suksinik Anhidrida)
Nur Azreena Idris*, Loh Soh
Kheang & Choo Yuen May
Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No.
6, Persiaran Institusi
43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
Boey Peng Lim
Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia, Universiti
Sains Malaysia
11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 5 Ogos 2009 / Diterima:
10 Februari 2010
ABSTRACT
The fractions
of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)
i.e. crude palm oil methyl esters (CPOME), RBD palm olein
methyl esters (RBD Palm Olein ME) and used frying oil methyl esters (UFOME) rich in unsaturated fatty esters were used to prepare alkenyl
succinic anhydrides (ASA). The
fractions were obtained via fractional distillation that separated the
unsaturated fatty esters from the saturated fatty esters. The fractions with
the highest content of unsaturated fatty esters were reacted with maleic
anhydride (MA) for 8 hours at 240oC with the MA/FAME ratio of 1.5. The reaction was conducted without catalyst and
solvent. The crude alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA) obtained was purified by column chromatography. The purified
compound was characterised by FTIR.
Keywords: Alkenyl
succinic anhydride; fatty acid methyl esters; fractional distillation;
unsaturated fatty esters
ABSTRAK
Ester metil
daripada pelbagai sumber seperti ester metil sawit mentah, ester metil sawit
olein dan ester metil minyak sawit terpakai yang mempunyai kandungan ester tak
tepu yang tinggi digunakan untuk menyediakan alkenil suksinik anhidrida (ASA). Ester metil tersebut diperolehi melalui proses penyulingan
berperingkat yang akan memisahkan ester tepu dan tak tepu. Bahagian yang
mempunyai kandungan ester tepu paling tinggi akan di tindak balaskan dengan
maleik anhidrida (MA) selama 8
jam pada suhu 240oC dengan
nisbah MA/ME 1.5. Tindak balas dilakukan tanpa katalis dan pelarut. ASA mentah yang diperoleh ditulenkan dengan kaedah kolum
kromatografi dan dicirikan menggunakan FTIR.
Kata kunci:
Alkenil suksinik anhidrida; ester lemak tak tepu; metal ester asid lemak;
penyulingan berperingkat
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: azreena@mpob.gov.my
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