Sains Malaysiana 39(5)(2010): 821–827

Palm Stearin as Low Trans Hard Stock for Margarine

(Stearin Sawit Sebagai Stok Keras Marjerin Rendah Trans)

Miskandar Mat Sahri*

Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No 6 Persiaran Institusi

Bandar Baru Bangi, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, D.E., Malaysia

Nor Aini Idris

KFC Holding (M) Bhd., Level 19 Wisma KFC,

No 17 Jalan Sultan Ismail, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 14 April 2009 / Diterima: 10 Februari 2010

ABSTRACT

Formulation models of brick margarine prepared from the interesterified of a fully hydrogenated palm stearin (POS) and palm kernel oil (PKO), POS of low iodine values and sunflower oil (SFO) were characterised, physically and chemically. Formulations with low trans fatty acid content were used in the margarine preparation and the products were evaluated for 25 days at storage temperatures of 5, 10 and 15^oC. The study had shown that formulations of POS in the form of simple blend with PKO and SFO (sample 900), blend of interesterified fully hydrogenated POS with PKO and SFO (sample 905) and simple blend of fully hydrogenated POS with PKO and SFO (sample 904) could achieve similar fatty acid composition, but not SFC profile. The results showed that POS was not only a suitable hard stock in trans-free brick margarine formulations but provided functional property in product texture. The formulations, with saturated fatty acid content < 36% and < 1% trans fatty acid had produced brick margarine with the desired spreadability at refrigerator temperature (5-15^oC).

Keywords: Hyrdrgenated palm stearin; palm oil kernel

ABSTRAK

Model formulasi untuk marjerin berbentuk bata telah disediakan dari stearin sawit (POS) yang telah dihidrogenankan sepenuhnya dan dinteresterifikasikan dengan minyak isirong sawit (PKO), POS yang rendah nilai iodinnya (IV) dan minyak bunga matahari (SFO). Minyak dan lemak ini telah perincikan daripada segi sifat kimia dan fizikalnya. Formulasi yang rendah asid lemak transnya telah digunakan dalam penyediaan dan pembuatan marjerin ini dan hasilnya telah dinilai selama 25 hari pada suhu penyimpanan 5, 10 dan 15^oC. Kajian telah menunjukkan bahawa formulasi adunan mudah POS dengan PKO dan SFO (sampel 900), adunan POS terhidrogenat sepenuhnya dan PKO yang diinterestrifikasi dan SFO (sampel 905) dan adunan mudah POS terhidrogenat sepenuhnya dengan PKO dan SFO (sampel 904) boleh menghasilkan masing-masing komposisi asid lemak (FAC) yang serupa, tetapi tidak serupa daripada segi profil kandungan lemak pepejal (SFC). Keputusan ujian produk menunjukkan bahawa POS bukan sahaja sesuai sebagai asas minyak keras dalam formulasi marjerin berbentuk bata yang bebas trans, tetapi boleh menghasilkan sifat kefungsian yang diperlukan untuk tekstur marjerin yang baik. Formulasi yang mengandungi jumlah asid lemak tepu < 36% dan <1% asid lemak trans telah berjaya digunakan dalam penghasilan marjerin bentuk bata yang mempunyai keupayaan sapuan yang baik pada suhu peti sejuk (5-15^oC).

Kata kunci: Minyak isi rong sawit; stearin wasit dihidrogenankan

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: miskandar@mpob.gov.my