Sains Malaysiana 41(3)(2012): 277–284

Dynamics of Cyanobacteria Planktothrix species (Oscillatoriales: Phormidiaceae)

in Earthen Fish Ponds, Northwestern Bangladesh

( Kedinamikan Planktothrix spesies (Oscillatoriales: Phormidiaceae) dalam

Kolam Ikan Bertanah Liat, Barat Laut Bangladesh)

Md. Yeamin Hossain* & Jun Ohtomi

Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Shimoarata 4-50-20

Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan

Md. Abu Sayed Jewel, Sharmeen Rahman & Saleha Jasmine

Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Bernerd Fulanda & Ferdous Ahamed

The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University,

Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, mJapan

Diserahkan:  27 Julai 2011 / Diterima: 8 Ogos 2011

ABSTRACT

The seasonal abundance, dynamics and composition of the filamentous Cyanobacteria Planktothrix spp. was studied over a 1-year period in two storm-water-fed earthen fishponds in Rajshahi city, northwestern Bangladesh. Sampling was conducted monthly using plankton net (25 μm mesh size) and the samples preserved in 5% formalin. Water quality parameters including water temperature, transparency, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD),free carbon dioxide (CO₂), nitrite-nitrogen (NO₂-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO₃-N), ammonium (NH4+), oxidation reduction index (rH₂) were recorded during each sampling. Two species; Planktothrix agardhii and Planktothrix rubescens were identified during the study with P. agardhii recording higher abundance (p<0.05) all year round. The Planktothrix cell density was highest during March: 3.06×106 cells/L and 1.23×106 cells/L in Pond-1 and 2, respectively. The abundance of P. agardhii was relatively higher in spring. The cell densities increased with increasing temperature, pH, and nutrient concentration. Lower cell densities were recorded during periods of high BOD. The results of this study provide a useful guide for aquaculturists and other environmental scientists for the management of the cyanotoxin producing algal blooms of Planktothrix spp. in fertilized fish ponds and other aquatic habitats.

Keywords: Bangladesh; earthen fish pond; Planktothrix; seasonal dynamics; storm run-off

ABSTRAK

Kelimpahan, kedinamikan dan komposisi bermusim Cyanobacteria Planktothrix spp. yang berfilamen telah dikaji sepanjang tempoh masa 1 tahun dalam dua kolam ikan bertanah liat di bandar raya Rajshahi, barat laut Bangladesh. Pensampelan telah dijalankan setiap bulan menggunakan jaring plankton (saiz mata pukat 25 μm) dan sampel telah diawet dalam 5% formalin. Parameter kualiti air termasuk suhu air, kelutsinaran, pH, oksigen terlarut (DO), keperluan oksigen biologi (BOD), karbon dioksida bebas (CO₂), nitrit-nitrogen (NO₂-N), nitrat-nitrogen (NO₃-N), ammonium(NH4+), indeks penurunan pengoksidaan (rH2) telah direkodkan semasa setiap pensampelan. Dua spesies; Planktothrix agardhii dan Planktothrix rubescens telah dikenal pasti semasa kajian dengan P. agardhii merakamkan kelimpahan lebih tinggi (p<0.05) sepanjang tahun. Ketumpatan sel Planktothrix adalah tertinggi pada bulan Mac: 3.06×106 sel/L dan 1.23×106 sel/L masing-masing dalam Kolam-1 dan 2. Kelimpahan P. agardhii adalah lebih tinggi secara relatifnya semasa musim bunga. Ketumpatan sel bertambah dengan peningkatan suhu, pH, dan kepekatan nutrien. Ketumpatan sel yang lebih rendah telah direkodkan semasa tempoh BOD tinggi. Hasil kajian ini menyediakan satu panduan berguna untuk ahli akuakultur dan para saintis alam sekitar lain untuk pengurusan mekar alga Planktothrix spp. yang menghasilkan sianotoksin dalam kolam ikan tersenyawa dan habitat air yang lain.

Kata kunci: Air larian; Bangladesh; dinamik bermusim; kolam ikan bertanah liat; Planktothrix

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: yeamin2222@yahoo.com