Sains Malaysiana 42(1)(2013): 65–71

Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Immune Cells in Oral Mucosal Lichen Planus (OMLP)

(Penilaian Sel-sel Imun di dalam Mukosa Mulut Lichen Planus (OMLP) Secara Kualitatif dan Kuantitatif)

S. H. Sinon*

Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

A.    M. Rich, N. A. Firth & G. J. Seymour

The Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago

P.O. Box 647, Dunedin, New Zealand

Diserahkan: 2 Disember 2011 / Diterima: 18 Mei 2012

ABSTRACT

Cell mediated immunity is currently thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of oral mucosal lichen planus (OMLP). However, literature reveals there is no large scale data of immunohistochemistry (IHC) study on these immune cell populations. The aim of this study was to assess and compare immune cell surface identification markers CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and CD83 between the OMLP (n=40) and non-specific inflammatory lesions (as control group) (n=10) qualitatively and quantitatively. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests have been used to make comparison between the test and control group, p values of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. T cell surface markers (CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+), B cells (CD19+) and mature dendritic cells (CD83+) showed intense immunostaining in OMLP tissues with a significantly higher expression of positive cells than in the control group (p<0.05). CD3, CD4 and CD8+ve T cells were the predominant inflammatory cell type in OMLP rather than CD19+ B cells, supporting the role of Th1 cells in the pathogenesis of OMLP. CD83+ mature dendritic cells were present in the least number and were mostly localized to areas where there were aggregates of lymphocyte. There was a positive correlation and direct relationship between T and B lymphocyte subsets whereby as one subset increased, the other follows.

Keywords: Immune cells; immunohistochemistry (IHC); oral mucosal lichen planus (OMLP)

ABSTRAK

Imuniti selular telah diketahui umum terlibat dalam patogenesis lichen planus (OMLP). Walau bagaimanapun, sehingga kini tiada kajian imunohistokimia yang membentangkan pangkalan data secara besar mengenai populasi sel-sel imun di dalam OMLP. Matlamat kajian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan identiti permukaaan sel imun CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 dan CD83 antara OMLP (n=40) dan kumpulan dengan inflamasi tidak spesifik sebagai kawalan (n=10) secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Ujian statistik Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann Whitney U telah digunakan untuk membuat perbandingan antara kumpulan kajian dan kumpulan kawalan, nilai p yang kurang daripada 0.05 dianggap nilai statistik yang signifikan. Kami mendapati sel yang mempunyai identiti permukaan sel T (CD3+, CD4+ dan CD8+), sel B (CD19+) dan sel dendritik yang matang (CD83+) menunjukkan intensiti ‘immunostaining’ yang kuat di dalam tisu OMLP iaitu sel yang menunjukkan ekspresi positif berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan (p<0.05). Sel T yang positif dengan identiti permukaan CD3, CD4 and CD8 adalah sel inflamasi utama di dalam OMLP berbanding dengan sel B dengan identiti permukaan CD19+ .  Ini menguatkan lagi teori bahawa sel Th1 amat penting dalam patogenesis OMLP. Sel dendritik matang CD83+ hadir dalam jumlah yang kecil dan kebanyakannya tertumpu di kawasan sel limfosit bergumpalan. Terdapat kolerasi positif dan hubungan terus antara subset sel-sel limfosit T dan B, jika satu subset bertambah maka subset yang lain juga turut bertambah.

Kata kunci: Immunohistokimia (IHC); mukosa mulut lichen planus (OMLP); sel imun

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