Sains Malaysiana 42(1)(2013):
59–63
Saliva
and Dental Caries in Down Syndrome Children
(Air Liur dan Karies Pergigian dalam Kalangan Kanak-kanak Sindrom Down)
A.R. Normastura*, Z. Norhayani & Y. Azizah
School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains
Malaysia
16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
M.D. Mohd Khairi
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical
Sciences, Health Campus
Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 30 November 2011/Diterima: 24 Mei 2012
ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to determine the association between
dental caries and salivary characteristics (flow rate and pH) in
the children with Down syndrome. A cross sectional study was conducted
on 53 Down syndrome children at selected Down syndrome centres in
Kelantan. Sociodemographic data was obtained, resting flow rate
and pH were measured using Saliva-Check BUFFER® by GC co., Japan and clinical oral examination was
done. Caries experience was calculated based on the index of decayed,
missing and filled teeth (DMFT) for permanent dentition and decayed and
filled (dft) for deciduous dentition. The mean age of the children
was 11.7 (SD 5.51)
years and 98.1% of them were Malays. The prevalence of dental caries
for deciduous and permanent dentition was 57% (95% CI: 43%-70%) and 74% (95%
CI:
61%-86%), respectively. The mean dft was 4.2 (SD 5.66) and DMFT was
4.7 (SD
4.97). The mean resting flow rate was 0.19 (SD 0.10) mL/min while mean
pH was 6.2 (SD 0.45). There were no significant differences
in the saliva resting flow rate and pH between the low and high
carious group in both the deciduous and permanent dentitions (p>0.05).
Caries prevalence was low in the deciduous but higher in permanent
dentition in children with Down syndrome. Saliva resting flow rate
and pH did not influence the caries experience.
Keywords: Caries; saliva flow rate; salivary pH; Trisomy 21
ABSTRAK
Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan kaitan antara karies
pergigian dengan ciri-ciri air liur (kadar aliran dan pH) dalam kalangan
kanak-kanak Sindrom Down. Kajian hirisan lintang ini telah dilakukan ke atas 53
kanak-kanak Sindrom Down di beberapa pusat Sindrom Down di Kelantan. Data sosio
demografi, kadar aliran air liur dan pH waktu rehat dan pemeriksaan pergigian
dilakukan. Kadar pengalaman karies diukur berdasarkan indek karies, kehilangan
gigi dan tampalan (DMFT) untuk gigi kekal dan karies dan tampalan
(dft) untuk gigi susu. Purata umur kanak-kanak terlibat ialah 11.7 (SD 5.51)
dan 98.1% daripada mereka adalah Melayu. Prevalen karies gigi untuk gigi susu
dan kekal ialah 57% (95% CI: 43%-70%) dan 74% (95% CI: 61%-86%). Purata dft
ialah 4.2 (SD 5.66) dan DMFT ialah 4.7 (SD 4.97). Purata kadar
air liur ialah 0.19 (SD 0.10) mL/min manakala pH ialah 6.2 (SD 0.45).
Tiada perbezaan yang signifikan dalam kadar aliran air liur waktu rehat dan pH
dalam kedua-dua kumpulan berkaries rendah dan tinggi (p>0.05) pada gigi susu
dan kekal. Prevalen karies gigi susu adalah lebih rendah berbanding dengan gigi
kekal. Kadar aliran air liur dan pH tidak menentukan pengalaman karies.
Kata kunci: Kadar aliran air liur; karies
pergigian; pH air liur; Trisomi 21
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: normastura@kck.usm.my
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