Sains Malaysiana 42(8)(2013): 1101–1108

Performance of Shallow Tube Well on Groundwater Irrigation in

Tropical Lowland Rice Cultivation Area

(Prestasi Telaga Tiub Cetek untuk Pengairan Menggunakan Air Bawah Tanah

di Kawasan Penanaman Padi Tanah Rendah Tropika)

Mohd Fauzie Jusoh*, Mohamed Azwan Mohamed Zawawi, Hasfalina Che Man & Suzilawati Kamaruddin

Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Diserahkan: 28 Jun 2012 /Diterima: 25 Januari 2013

ABSTRACT

Groundwater irrigation is one of the alternative methods to irrigate the paddy crops beside surface water. The use of shallow tube well for paddy irrigation is able to overcome water scarcity especially during dry season and off planting season in Malaysia. The performance of a shallow tube well was evaluated based on well efficiency and pump efficiency. The study was conducted at Seberang Perak Integrated Agricultural Development Area (Seberang Perak IADA). In this study, on-off automatic water controller was installed in the field and connected to the pump system which gave the command to the pump to irrigate the field during pre-saturation and normal growth plantation period. Water level inside the pumping well and cultivation plot was observed and recorded by the water level transducers. The result of the study showed that the pumping well is moderately productive with the well efficiency between 91 and 94%. The submersible pump efficiency was 87.5%. The potential yield of the pumping well was 450 m3day-1 and it was enough and sufficient to irrigate 1 ha of paddy field.

Keywords: Groundwater irrigation; pump efficiency; shallow tube well; well efficiency

ABSTRAK

Pengairan dengan menggunakan air bawah tanah merupakan salah satu cara alternatif untuk mengairi tanaman padi selain menggunakan air permukaan. Penggunaan telaga tiub cetek untuk pengairan padi boleh mengatasi masalah kekurangan air terutamanya ketika musim kering atau musim penanaman luar waktu di Malaysia. Prestasi telaga tiub cetek dinilai berdasarkan kepada kecekapan telaga dan kecekapan pam. Kajian ini telah dijalankan di Kawasan Pembangunan Pertanian Bersepadu Seberang Perak (IADA Seberang Perak). Dalam kajian ini, pengawal aras air automatik buka-tutup telah dipasang di petak sawah dan disambungkan kepada sistem pam untuk memberi arahan kepada pam untuk mengairi kawasan sawah semasa peringkat pra-tepu dan pertumbuhan normal. Aras air di dalam telaga pengepaman dan kawasan sawah telah dipantau dan direkod oleh perekod aras air. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa kecekapan telaga pengepaman berada dalam julat 91 ke 94%. Kecekapan pam selam adalah 87.5%. Potensi hasil bagi telaga pengepaman adalah 450 m3day-1 dan cukup untuk mengairi 1 ha kawasan penanaman padi.

Kata kunci: Kecekapan pam; kecekapan telaga; pengairan air bawah tanah; telaga tiub cetek

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; e-email: fauzie_jsh@yahoo.com