Sains Malaysiana 42(8)(2013): 1091–1100
Facies
Analysis of the Uppermost Kubang Pasu Formation, Perlis: A Wave-and
Storm-influenced
Coastal Depositional System
(Analisis Fasies Turutan Teratas Formasi Kubang Pasu di Perlis:
Penafsirannya Sebagai Satu Sistem Pengenapan Pesisir Pantai Kuno yang
Dipengaruhi Proses Ombak dan Ribut)
Meor Hakif Amir Hassan*, Yeow Boon Sim
& Lee Chai Peng
Geology Department, University of
Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abdul Hadi Abdul Rahman
Department of Geoscience, Universiti
Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar
31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 16 April 2012 /Diterima: 7
Disember 2012
ABSTRACT
A detailed sedimentological study and facies analysis of the
Permian age, uppermost succession of the Kubang Pasu Formation in Perlis was
conducted in order to reconstruct the palaeo-depositional environment. Four
stratigraphic sections of the uppermost Kubang Pasu Formation were logged at
Bukit Chondong and Bukit Tungku Lembu, Perlis. The sections were divided into
facies based on lithology and sedimentary structures. Large scale patterns in
the form of facies associations and facies successions were also identified.
The uppermost Kubang Pasu Formation can be divided into several coarsening
upward facies successions. Each facies succession grades upward from an
offshore facies association (FA1) composed of bioturbated
mudstone and minor thin sandstone, into a distal lower shoreface facies
association (FA 2) composed primarily of mudstone interbedded with
hummocky cross-stratified sandstone (HCS) and finally a proximal
lower shoreface facies association (FA 3) composed of amalgamated
hummocky cross-stratified sandstone beds. The facies succession is interpreted
as representing a wave- and storm-influenced coastal depositional environment.
The gradual transition from siliciclastics to carbonates is probably related to
post rift thermal subsidence and tectonic quiescence due to separation of
Sibumasu from Gondwana during the Permian.
Keywords: Kubang Pasu Formation; Perlis; Permian; shoreface
ABSTRAK
Satu kajian sedimentologi terperinci dan
analisis fasies telah dijalankan ke atas turutan teratas Formasi Kubang Pasu
berumur Permian, yang tersingkap di Perlis. Tujuan kajian ini adalah
untuk menafsirkan sekitaran pengenapan kuno unit stratigrafi ini. Empat singkapan stratigrafi turutan teratas Formasi Kubang Pasu di
Bukit Chondong dan Bukit Tungku Lembu, Perlis, telah dilog. Turutan-turutan ini telah dibahagikan kepada unit-unit fasies
berdasarkan litologi dan struktur sedimen. Tren-tren
berskala besar (kumpulan fasies dan jujukan fasies juga telah dikenal pasti). Turutan teratas Formasi Kubang Pasu terdiri daripada beberapa
jujukan fasies yang mengasar ke atas. Setiap turutan fasies menunjukkan
penggredan ke atas daripada kumpulan fasies luar pesisir (FA 1)
yang terdiri daripada batu lumpur dan sedikit perlapisan batu pasir yang nipis,
ke kumpulan fasies muka pesisir bawah distal (FA 2)
yang terdiri daripada batu lumpur yang bersaling-lapis dengan perlapisan batu
pasir berstruktur lapis silang membusut (HCS) dan akhirnya ke kumpulan
fasies muka pesisir bawah proksimal (FA 3) yang hanya terdiri
daripada batu pasir berstruktur lapis silang membusut (HCS). Jujukan fasies ini ditafsirkan sebagai mewakili satu
persekitaran enapan pesisir pantai yang dipengaruhi arus ombak dan ribut. Perubahan beransur-ansur daripada pengenapan klastik kepada karbonat yang
ditunjukkan oleh turutan teratas Formasi Kubang Pasu mungkin adalah akibat
kesan amblesan termal semasa fasa pasca rekahan dan ketiadaan aktiviti tektonik
akibat pemisahan Sibumasu dari benua Gondwana pada zaman Permian.
Kata kunci: Formasi Kubang Pasu; muka pesisir;
Perlis; Permian
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*Pengarang untuk surat menyurat;
email: meorhakif@um.edu.my
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