Sains Malaysiana 43(12)(2014):
1827–1833
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitory and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities
of Some Primulaceae Species
(Aktiviti Perencatan Xantina Oksidase dan Hapus-sisa Radikal DPPH oleh Beberapa Spesies Primulaceae)
NORLIDA MAMAT1, JAMIA AZDINA JAMAL2*, IBRAHIM JANTAN2 & KHAIRANA HUSAIN2
1Faculty of Medicine
and Health Science, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kampus Kota
Jalan
Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
2Drug and Herbal
Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Jalan
Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
19 Julai 2013/Diterima: 5 Mei 2014
ABSTRACT
Xanthine oxidase (XO) is an enzyme that catalyzes the metabolism
of hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid. XO also serves as an
important biological source of free radicals that contribute to oxidative
damage involved in many pathological processes. Antioxidant effects of several
Primulaceae species have been reported but their XO inhibitory activity
has not been investigated. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the XO inhibitory
and free radical scavenging activities of Primulaceae species and to correlate
these activities with their total phenolic contents (TPC). A total of 129
extracts of different plant parts of twelve Primulaceae species were assayed
for XO inhibition spectrophotometrically at 290 nm using allopurinol as
a positive control. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging
assay and TPC of the extracts were determined by the
Folin-Ciocalteau method. The Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the TPC of
the extracts showed moderate positive correlations with XO inhibition (r=0.31, p<0.05) and DPPH antioxidant activity
(r=0.31, p<0.05) for all of the dichloromethane extracts.
Amongst the extracts tested, the dichloromethane extract of the roots of Labisia
pumila var. alata showed the strongest inhibitory effects for XO (IC50 4.8
μg/mL) and DPPH free radical capacity (IC50 1.7 μg/mL). The
results suggested that Primulaceae species, particularly the dichloromethane
extract of L. pumila var. alata roots, are the potential source
of useful leads for the development of XO inhibitors.
Keywords: Labisia
pumila var. alata; Primulaceae; total phenolic content; xanthine
oxidase inhibition
ABSTRAK
Xantina oksidase (XO) merupakan enzim yang
memangkinkan metabolisme hipoxantina dan xantina kepada asid urik. XO juga merupakan sumber biologi radikal bebas
yang menyebabkan kerosakan oksidatif yang terlibat dalam kebanyakan proses
patologi. Kesan antioksidan beberapa spesies Primulaceae
telah dilaporkan tetapi aktiviti perencatan XO masih belum dikaji. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan aktiviti perencatan XO dan
hapus-sisa radikal bebas oleh spesies Primulaceae dan mengkorelasi aktiviti ini
dengan kandungan fenolik total (TPC). Sejumlah 129 ekstrak daripada bahagian
tumbuhan yang berbeza daripada dua belas spesies Primulaceae telah dinilai
untuk aktiviti perencatan XO secara spektrofotometri pada 290 nm
menggunakan alopurinol sebagai kawalan positif. Aktiviti
antioksidan ditentukan dengan asai hapus-sisa radikal bebas
2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) dan TPC dalam ekstrak
ditentukan oleh kaedah Follin-Ciocalteu. Analisis korelasi Pearson
menunjukkan bahawa TPC dalam ekstrak mempunyai korelasi yang
sederhana positif dengan aktiviti perencatan XO (r=0.31, p<0.05) dan antioksidan DPPH (r=0.31, p<0.05) bagi kesemua ekstrak diklorometana. Antara kesemua ekstrak
yang diuji, ekstrak diklorometana akar Labisia pumila var. alata menunjukkan
kesan perencatan XO (IC50 4.8 μg/mL) dan radikal bebas DPPH (IC50 1.7
μg/mL) yang kuat. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa spesies Primulaceae,
terutamanya ekstrak diklorometana akar L. pumila var. alata,
merupakan sumber berpotensi yang berguna untuk pembangunan agen perencat XO.
Kata kunci: Kandungan
fenolik total; Labisia pumila var. alata; perencatan xantina oksidase; Primulaceae
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: jamia@ukm.edu.my
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