Sains Malaysiana 43(1)(2014): 1–7

 

Grain Quality Performance and Heritability Estimation in Selected F1 Rice Genotypes

(Prestasi Kualiti Bijian dan Anggaran Keterwarisan dalam Genotip F1 Terpilih Padi)

 

 

  M.Y. RAFII1*, M.Z. ZAKIAH2, R. ASFALIZA3, M.D. IFFAH HAIFAA2,
M.A. LATIF
2& M.A. MALEK1

1Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor
Malaysia

2Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

3Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Station MARDI,
Seberang Prai Peti Surat 203, Pejabat Pos Seberang Prai, 13200 Penang Malaysia

  Diserahkan: 31 Oktober 2012/Diterima: 14 Mac 2013

 

ABSTRACT

A total of 17 rice genotypes consisted of 12 F1 progenies and five parental lines were evaluated for performance of grain qualities, yield and yield components and vegetative traits at the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI) Research Station in Seberang Perai, Penang. Except grain length, all other grain quality characters, yield components and vegetative traits varied significantly among the genotypes. Among the studied characters, the highest heritability value was observed in plant height with 99.75% followed by panicle length having 96.90% and grain shape with 56.70% which could be successfully inherited to the next generations. The rest of the traits had low heritability values and ranged from 20.24 to 35.88%. This indicates that the characters are mainly influenced by environmental factors such as geographical effects and climate. However, in the quantitative traits such as grain qualities and yield components, they are usually difficult to inherit to the next generation due to low heritability values. The combinations of Q76 and MR84 had the highest in amylose content while Q76 and MRQ74 had the lowest. Several selected F1 indica rice genotypes from this evaluation are useful for future breeding programme and biotechnological research for the improvement of valuable grain quality traits.

 

Keywords: Grain quality characters; heritability; indica rice genotypes; Oryza sativa L.

 

ABSTRAK

Sejumlah 17 genotip padi yang mengandungi 12 progeni F1 dan 5 waris induk telah dinilai prestasi kualiti bijian, hasil dan komponen hasil serta ciri vegetatif di Stesyen Penyelidikan Institut Penyelidikan dan Pembangunan Pertanian Malaysia (MARDI), Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang. Semua ciri kualiti bijian, komponen hasil dan vegetatif memberikan kesan progeni bererti kecuali panjang bijian. Dalam kalangan ciri tersebut, nilai keterwarisan tertinggi ialah tinggi pokok dengan 99.75%, diikuti panjang tangkai, 96.90% dan bentuk bijian, 56.70%; ciri tersebut boleh diwariskan dengan jayanya ke generasi seterusnya. Sementara itu ciri yang lain mempunyai nilai keterwarisan yang rendah iaitu antara 20.24 hingga 35.88%. Ini menunjukkan ciri tersebut adalah sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor sekitaran seperti kesan cuaca dan geografi. Walau bagaimanapun, ciri kuantitatif seperti kualiti bijian dan komponen hasil kebiasaannya adalah sukar diperturunkan ke generasi seterusnya disebabkan nilai keterwarisan yang rendah. Kombinasi antara Q76 dan MR84 memberikan kandungan amilosa yang tertinggi dan sebaliknya kombinasi Q76 dan MRQ74 adalah yang terendah. Beberapa F1 genotip padi indica terpilih daripada penilaian ini adalah sangat berguna untuk penyelidikan dalam program pembiakbakaan dan bioteknologi masa depan untuk memajukan ciri bernilai kualiti bijian.

 

Kata kunci: Ciri kualiti bijian; genotip padi indica; keterwarisan; Oryza sativa L.

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mrafii@upm.edu.my