Sains Malaysiana 43(1)(2014):
31–36
Insecticide Susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci to
Karate® and Cydim Super® and
its Associated
Carboxylesterase Activity
(Kerentanan Bemisia tabaci terhadap Racun Serangga Karate® dan Cydim Super® serta
Kaitannya terhadap Aktiviti Karboksilesterase)
S.W. AVICOR1*, V.Y. EZIAH2, E.O. OWUSU3& M.F.F.
WAJIDI1
1Molecular
Entomology Research Group (MERG), School of Distance Education
Universiti
Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia
2Department
of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences
University
of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
3Department
of Animal Biology and Conservation Science (DABCS), University of
Ghana,
Legon,
Ghana
Diserahkan:
6 Januari 2013/Diterima: 23 April 2013
ABSTRACT
Bemisia tabaci is a pest of several economic crops worldwide
and is mostly managed in Ghana by farmers through the use of insecticides.
However, vegetable farmers have recently expressed concerns about the
susceptibility of B. tabaci to
insecticides. Hence, the susceptibility status of field populations of B.
tabaci on cassava, okra and tomato in vegetable growing sites in Accra to
two commonly used insecticides, Karate® 2.5 EC (λ-cyhalothrin) and Cydim Super® (36
g Cypermethrin + 400 g Dimethoate per litre), using a modified dipping method
and their carboxylesterase activity levels were assessed. The LC50 values of the B.
tabaci populations to the insecticides were low and ranged from 0.12-0.55
mL/L to 0.07-0.36 mL/L for Karate® and Cydim Super®, respectively. There
was a wide variation in carboxylesterase activity levels of the insect
populations with high levels recorded in some of the populations. The elevated
activity levels could negatively impact on future whitefly management methods.
This study provides baseline information on the insecticide resistance status
and carboxylesterase levels of whitefly populations in these areas and for
monitoring future insecticide resistance development.
Keywords: Bemisia
tabaci; carboxylesterase; insecticides; susceptibility; vegetables
ABSTRAK
Bemisia tabaci ialah salah satu serangga perosak kepada
beberapa tanaman ekonomi di seluruh dunia dan kebanyakannya berjaya dikawal di
Ghana oleh para petani melalui penggunaan racun serangga. Walau bagaimanapun,
para petani menyatakan kebimbangan tentang kerentanan B. tabaci terhadap
racun serangga pada masa hadapan. Oleh itu, status kerentanan populasi bidang B.
tabaci pada ubi kayu, bendi dan tomato di tapak semaian di Accra bagi dua
racun serangga biasa digunakan, Karate® 2.5 EC (λ-cyhalothrin) dan Cydim Super® (36
g Cypermethrin + 400 g Dimethoate setiap liter), menggunakan kaedah pencelupan
diubah suai dan tahap aktiviti karboksilesterase mereka telah diuji. Nilai LC50 populasi B. tabaci bagi racun serangga didapati rendah, masing masing antara
0.12-0.55 mL/L dan 0.07-0.36 mL/L untuk Karate® dan Cydim Super®.
Terdapat satu variasi luas bagi tahap aktiviti karboksilesterase bilangan
serangga dengan tahap paling tinggi direkodkan dalam beberapa populasi.
Ketinggian tahap aktiviti ini menggambarkan impak negatif pada masa hadapan
tentang cara pengurusan bena putih. Kajian ini memberikan maklumat asas tentang
kerentanan racun serangga dan karboksilesterase oleh populasi bena putih di
kawasan ini bertujuan untuk memantau keboleh-rentanan racun serangga pada masa
akan datang.
Kata kunci: Bemisia
tabaci; karboksilesterase; kerentanan; racun
serangga; sayur-sayuran
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*Corresponding
author; email: wintuma@live.com
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