Sains Malaysiana 43(3)(2014): 415–421
Kesan
Ekstrak Metanol Piper sarmentosum terhadap
Kecederaan
Oksidatif Hepar Tikus Aruhan Parasetamol
(The Effects of Methanolic
Extract of Piper sarmentosum on Paracetamol-Induced Hepatic Oxidative
Injury in Rats)
M.F. NUR AZLINA*, H.M.S. QODRIYAH, A.H. HAMIZAH
& Y. KAMISAH
Jabatan Farmakologi, Fakulti Perubatan, Pusat Perubatan UKM
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda
Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 13 Oktober 2011/Diterima: 8 Jun 2013
ABSTRAK
Piper sarmentosum atau kaduk mengandungi aras naringenin iaitu
antioksidan semula jadi yang tinggi. Dalam kajian ini, model hepatotoksisiti
aruhan parasetamol telah digunakan untuk menentukan kesan antioksidan
ekstrak metanol kaduk. Lapan belas ekor tikus Wistar jantan (200-250
g) telah dibahagikan kepada tiga kumpulan. Satu kumpulan diberi
ekstrak metanol kaduk pada dos 500 mg/kg secara oral, sementara
kumpulan lain menerima larutan pengangkut secara oral selama 28
hari. Selepas 28 hari, kumpulan yang menerima ekstrak kaduk (Kaduk+PCM) dan satu lagi kumpulan (PCM)
diberi parasetamol sebanyak 1 g/kg berat badan tikus secara intraperitoneum,
manakala kumpulan terakhir (kawalan) hanya diberi larutan pengangkut
secara intraperitoneum. Selepas 24 jam, darah tikus diambil bagi
pengukuran enzim aminotransferase. Tikus-tikus kemudiannya dibunuh
dan sampel hepar diambil untuk pengukuran kandungan malondialdehid,
protein karbonil dan aktiviti enzim superoksida dismutase. Terdapat
penurunan yang signifikan pada kandungan malondialdehid dan protein
karbonil serta peningkatan aktiviti enzim superoksida dismutase
dalam kumpulan Kaduk+PCM berbanding
kumpulan PCM. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada penurunan aras enzim aminotransferase
yang signifikan dalam kumpulan Kaduk+PCM berbanding
kumpulan PCM. Kesimpulannya, pemberian ekstrak metanol Piper
sarmentosum sebanyak 500 mg/kg selama 28 hari mempunyai kesan
perlindungan ke atas hepar tikus daripada kecederaan oksidatif aruhan
parasetamol.
Kata kunci: Enzim aminotransferase; malondialdehid; parasetamol;
Piper sarmentosum
ABSTRACT
Piper sarmentosum or kaduk has high content of naringenin, a
natural antioxidant. In this study, paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity model
was used to determine the antioxidant properties of kaduk. Eighteen male Wistar
rats (200-250 g) were divided into three groups. The treated group was given
methanolic extract of kaduk at a dose of 500 mg/kg orally, while the other two
groups received vehicle orally for 28 days. After 28 days, the treated group
and another group (PCM) were given 1 g/kg paracetamol
intraperitoneally, while the last group (Control) was only given vehicle
intraperitoneally. After 24 h, their blood was collected for aminotransferase
enzymes assay. Later, the rats were sacrificed and livers were harvested for
determinations of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl contents and superoxide
dismutase activity. There was a significant decrease in the contents of
malondialdehyde and carbonyl protein as well as a significant increase in the
superoxide dismutase activity in the Kaduk+PCM group
compared to PCM group. However, there was no significant reduction in
the aminotransferase enzyme activities in the Kaduk+PCM group
compared with the PCM group. In conclusion, the
administration of methanolic extract of Piper sarmentosum at the dose of
500 mg/kg for 28 days has the protective effects on the rat liver against
paracetamol-induced oxidative injury.
Keywords: Aminotransferase enzymes;
malondialdehid; paracetamol; Piper sarmentosum
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: nazlina@medic.ukm.my
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