Sains Malaysiana 43(5)(2014):
775–782
Response Surface Methodology Models of Processing Parameters
for
High Performance Phenolic Compreg Wood
(Model Kaedah Permukaan Respons bagi Parameter Pemprosesan untuk Kayu
Fenolik Termampat Berprestasi Tinggi)
A.
ZAIDON*1, G.H. KIM2, E.S. BAKAR3& H. RASMINA1
1Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia,
43400 Serdang, Selangor D.E.
Malaysia
2Division of Environmental Science and Ecological
Engineering, Korea University
Seoul 136-713, Korea
3Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products,
Universiti Putra Malaysia
43400 Serdang, Selangor D.E. Malaysia
Diserahkan: 30 Mei 2013/Diterima: 3 September
2013
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to develop response surface methodology (RSM)
models for polymer loading, density, dimensional stability, strength and
stiffness of compressed wood of sesenduk (Endospermum diadenum) treated with
phenol formaldehyde (PF). Central composite design (CCD) using RSM with
three processing parameters was studied in their specific ranges: PF concentration
(PC)
from 24-40%, pre-curing time (PCT), 3-9 h and compression ratio (CR),
70-90%. The experimental design was analysed and interpreted using the Design
Expert Software (Stat Ease version 8) and the responses of 3d plots were built
using the same software. Quadratic models in terms of PC, PCT and CR were developed for
polymer loading, density, reduction in water absorption and modulus of rupture
in static bending. Multiple linear equations were developed for anti-swelling
efficiency and modulus of elasticity. The experimental values were in good
agreement with predicted ones and the models were highly significant with
correlation coefficients between 0.626 and 0.926. PC and CR had significant
effects on the responses. The range of PCT used did not significantly affect the
responses. It was also found that the improvement of properties ranged from
moderately to highly correlated with the polymer loading in the compreg wood.
Keywords: Central composite design; compreg; phenol formaldehyde
ABSTRAK
Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk membangunkan model kaedah permukaan
respons (RSM)
untuk ketahanan polimer, ketumpatan, kestabilan dimensi, kekuatan dan keanjalan
kayu sesenduk (Endospermum
diadenum) termampat (Compreg) yang dirawat dengan fenol formaldehid (PF).
Reka bentuk komposit tengah (CCD) menggunakan RSM dengan tiga parameter
pemprosesan dikaji dalam julat kepekatan PF (PC) 24-40%, masa pra-pematangan (PCT),
3-9 jam dan nisbah mampatan (CR), 70-90%. Reka bentuk ujian dianalisis dan
ditafsirkan menggunakan perisian Design Expert (Stat Ease version 8) dan plot
respons 3d dihasilkan dengan menggunakan perisian yang sama. Model kuadratik
dibangunkan untuk ketahanan polimer, ketumpatan, pengurangan penyerapan air dan
modulus kepecahan dalam lenturan statik berdasarkan PC, PCT dan CR. Persamaan linear
berganda dibangunkan untuk keberkesanan anti-pembekaan dan modulus kekenyalan.
Nilai yang diperoleh daripada ujian mempunyai persamaan dengan nilai yang
diramalkan dan model yang dihasilkan mempunyai kesan yang ketara dengan pekali
korelasi antara 0.626 dan 0.926. PC dan CR mempunyai kesan yang besar ke atas respons.
Julat PCT yang digunakan tidak memberi kesan ketara kepada respons. Kajian
ini juga mendapati peningkatan sifat kayu berkait rapat dengan ketahanan
polimer dalam kayu compreg dalam skala sederhana ke tahap tinggi.
Kata kunci: Compreg; fenol formaldehid; reka
bentuk komposit tengah
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zaidon@upm.edu.my
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