Sains Malaysiana 43(8)(2014):
1157–1163
Periodontal Status and Oral Health Knowledge among a
Selected Population of
Malaysian Type 2 Diabetics
(Status Periodontal dan
Kesedaran Kesihatan Mulut dalam Kalangan Sekumpulan Penduduk Malaysia yang
Menghidap Penyakit Diabetes Jenis 2)
MASTURA M. NORDIN, SYAKIRAH A. RAHMAN, RENUKANTH P.C. RAMAN
& RATHNA D. VAITHILINGAM*
Department of
Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 8 Mac 2013/Diterima:
17 Oktober 2013
ABSTRACT
Diabetes is an important risk factor
in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Subjects with diabetes have a
greater prevalence and severity of periodontal disease compared with subjects
without diabetes. This study was carried out to assess periodontal status,
treatment needs and oral health awareness among a selected population of
Malaysian Type 2 diabetics. Ninety four Type 2 diabetes subjects were divided
into those diagnosed with periodontal disease (PD+) (CPITN≥3) and healthy/gingivitis
(PD-)
(CPITN≤2)
groups based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN).
Subjects were interviewed regarding socio-demographic data and oral health
awareness. Their medical information was obtained from the medical records. The
results showed that 55.3% subjects had (PD+) as compared with 44.7% (PD-) subjects. 18.1%
subjects required advanced periodontal treatment with specialist referrals.
Male diabetic subjects were more likely to have advanced periodontal disease
compared to female subjects (p<0.05). Subjects with
advanced periodontal disease were more likely to be on combination of insulin
and oral drugs (p<0.05). (PD+) diabetic subjects were aware that they
had mobile teeth (p<0.001) and gum disease (p=0.004). In conclusion,
male diabetics in Malaysia and subjects on combination of insulin and oral
diabetic drugs are more likely to require advanced periodontal treatment.
Keywords: CPITN; oral health
awareness; periodontal disease; periodontal treatment needs; Type 2 diabetes
ABSTRAK
Penyakit
diabetes adalah satu faktor risiko yang penting dalam patogenesis penyakit
periodontal. Subjek dengan diabetes
mempunyai kelaziman dan keterukan penyakit periodontal yang lebih berbanding
dengan subjek tanpa penyakit diabetes. Kajian ini
dijalankan untuk menilai status periodontal, keperluan rawatan periodontal dan
kesedaran kesihatan mulut dalam kalangan sekumpulan penduduk Malaysia yang
menghidap penyakit diabetes Jenis 2. Sembilan puluh empat subjek
diabetes Jenis 2 telah dibahagikan kepada mereka yang didiagnosis dengan
penyakit periodontal (PD +) (CPITN ≥ 3) dan gusi sihat/gingivitis (PD-)
(CPITN ≤ 2)
berdasarkan Indeks Komuniti Periodontal dan Keperluan Rawatan (CPITN). Subjek telah ditemu bual mengenai data sosio-demografik dan
kesedaran kesihatan mulut. Maklumat perubatan mereka
telah diperoleh daripada rekod perubatan. Hasil kajian
menunjukkan bahawa 55.3% responden mempunyai (PD+) berbanding 44.7% (PD-). 18.1% subjek memerlukan rawatan periodontal lanjutan dengan rujukan pakar. Subjek diabetes lelaki lebih berkemungkinan untuk mempunyai
penyakit periodontal lanjutan berbanding subjek perempuan (p<0.05). Subjek
dengan penyakit periodontal lanjutan adalah lebih cenderung untuk mengambil
gabungan ubatan insulin dan ubat-ubatan oral (p<0.05). Subjek diabetes (PD +) sedar bahawa mereka mempunyai gigi goyah
(p<0.001) dan penyakit gusi (p=0.004). Kesimpulannya, subjek diabetes lelaki di Malaysia dan subjek yang
mengambil gabungan insulin dan ubat-ubatan diabetes oral adalah lebih cenderung
untuk mendapatkan rawatan periodontal lanjut.
Kata kunci: CPITN;
diabetes Jenis 2; keperluan rawatan periodontal; kesedaran kesihatan mulut;
penyakit periodontal
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: rathna@um.edu.my
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