Sains Malaysiana 44(2)(2015): 217–223

Posidonomya (Bivalvia) from Northwest Peninsular Malaysia and Its Significance

(Posidonomya (Bivalvia) dari Barat Laut Semenanjung Malaysia dan Kesignifikannya)

BASIR JASIN*

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

Diserahkan: 12 Julai 2013/Diterima: 13 Ogos 2014

ABSTRACT

Posidonomya is common in the Kubang Pasu and Singa Formations in northwest Peninsular Malaysia. It was discovered from the red mudstone layers (redbeds) in many localities in Langkawi Islands, Perlis and Kedah. Previous studies suggested that the age of Posidonomya ranged from Middle Devonian to Carboniferous. Posidonomya beds in Kedah and Perlis are located above the Tournaisian radiolarian chert layers. The age of Posidonomya from Peninsular Malaysia is comparable to those of Europe, Morocco, Turkey and South China which range from Tournaisian to Serpukhovian, Early Carboniferous. The fossil specimens exhibit morphological features closely related to Posidonomya becheri Bronn. Two taxa were identified namely Posidonomya becheri Bronn and Posidonomya cf. kochi (von Koenen). The occurrence of Posidonomya indicates that the age of the lower part of the Kubang Pasu and Singa Formations is Early Carboniferous. Its geographic distribution formed a wide paleobiogeographic province in the Paleo-Tethys. The province was located in the warm tropical-subtropical climatic zone. Therefore, Posidonomya can be a good indicator for warm climate. Its wide distribution and short stratigraphic range make it a good index fossil for the Early Carboniferous.

Keywords: Early carboniferous; paleobiogeography; Posidonomya; redbeds; stratigraphy

ABSTRAK

Posidonomya banyak ditemui dalam Formasi Kubang Pasu dan Formasi Singa di baratlaut Semenanjung Malaysia. Ia dijumpai dalam lapisan batu lumpur merah di beberapa lokaliti di Kepulauan Langkawi, Perlis dan Kedah. Kajian terdahulu mencadangkan usia Posidonomya berjulat dari Devon Tengah hingga Karbon. Lapisan Posidonomya di Kedah dan Perlis terletak di atas lapisan rijang yang mengandungi radiolaria berusia Tournaisian. Usia Posidonomya dari Semenanjung Malaysia setara dengan yang terdapat di Eropah, Maghribi, Turki dan China Selatan yang berjulat dari Tournaisian hingga Serpukhovian, Karbon Awal. Spesimen fosil memperlihatkan fitur morfologi berkait rapat dengan Posidonomya becheri Bronn. Dua takson dikenal pasti iaitu Posidonomya becheri Bronn dan Posidonomya cf. kochi (von Koenen). Kewujudan Posidonomya menunjukkan bahagian bawah Formasi Kubang Pasu dan Formasi Singa berusia Karbon Awal. Sebaran geografinya membentuk satu wilayah peleobiogeografi yang luas dalam Palaeo-Tethys. Wilayah ini terletak dalam zon iklim panas tropika-subtropika. Oleh itu Posidonomya boleh dijadikan penunjuk iklim panas. Taburannya yang luas dan julat stratigrafi yang pendek menjadikannya fosil penunjuk yang baik untuk Karbon Awal.

Kata kunci: Karbon awal; lapisan merah; paleobiogeografi; Posidonomya; stratigrafi

RUJUKAN

Amler, M.R.W. 2004. Bivalve biostratigraphy of the Kulm Facies (Early Carboniferous, Mississippian) in central Europe. Newsletter on Stratigraphy 40: 183-207.

Amler, M.R.W. & Winkler Prins, C.F. 1999. Lower Carboniferous marine bivalves from the Cantabrian Mountains (Spain). Scripta Geologica 120: 1-45.

Basir Jasin. 1991. Significance of Monodiexodina (Fusulinacea) in geology of Peninsular Malaysia. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 29: 171-181.

Basir Jasin & Zaiton Harun. 2011. Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) radiolarians from Peninsular Malaysia and their significance. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 57: 47-54.

Bronn, H.G. 1837. Lethaea Geognostica, oder Abbildungen und Beschreibungen der für die Gebirgs-Formationem bezeichnensten Versteinerungen Stuttgart: E. Schweizerbart's Verlagshandlung. p. 544.

Bronn, H.G. 1828. Posidonia Becheri, eine neue fossile Muschel der Uebergangs-Periode. Zbl. Miner. 1: 262-269.

Chen, J. & Stiller, F. 2011. An early Daonella from the Middle Anisian of Guangxi, southwestern China, and its phylogenetical significance. Swiss Journal of Geoscience 103(3): 523-533.

Cox, L.R., Newell, N.D., Boyd, D.W., Branson, C.C., Casey, R., Chavan, A., Coogan, A.H., Dechaseaux, C., Fleming, C.A., Haas, F., Hertlien, L.G., Kaufman, E.G., Myra Keen, A., La Roucque, A., McAlester, A.L., Moore, R.C., Nuttal, C.P., Perkins, B.F., Puri, H.S., Smith, L.A., Soot-Ryen, T., Stenzel, H.B., Trueman, E.R., Turner, R.D. & Wier, J. 1969. Treatise on invertebrate Palaeontology part N(1), Mollusca 6, Bivalvia, N489.

Hamada, T. 1969. Late Paleozoic Brachiopods from Red Beds in the Malayan Peninsula. Geology and Paleontology of Southeast Asia 6: 251- 264.

Hamada, T. 1968. Ambocoeliids from Red Beds in the Malayan Peninsula. Geology and Paleontology of Southeast Asia 5: 13-25.

Hoşgör, I., Okan, Y. & Göncüoğlu, M.C. 2012. Posidonia becheri Bronn, 1828 from the Tournaisian of SE Turkey: A palaeobiogeographic enigma. Comptes Rendus Palevol. 11: 13-20.

Huvelin, P. 1961. Sur l'age Viseen superieur des schistes de Kettara et du jbel Sarhlef (Jebilet centrales, Maroc). Compte - rendu des Seances de la Societe geologique de France pp. 290-291.

Gobbett, D.J. 1973. Upper Palaeozoic. In Geology of Malay Peninsula, edited by Gobbett, D.J. & Hutchison, C.S. New York: Wiley-Interscience. pp. 61-95.

Gordon, M. 1964. Carboniferous Cephalopods of Arkansas. Geological Survey Professional Paper 460. Washington: U.S. Govt. Print. Office. p.173.

Jones, C.R. 1981. Geology and mineral resources of Perlis, north Kedah and the Langkawi Islands. Geological Survey of Malaysia Memoirs. p. 17.

Jones, C.R., Gobbett, D.J. & Kobayashi, T. 1966. Summary of fossil record in Malaya and Singapore 1900-1965. In Geology and Palaeontology of Southeast Asia, edited by Kobayashi, T. & Toriyama, R. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press. 2: 309-359.

König, C. 1805. Addition to M. Cavolini's these on Zostera oceanica L. Annals of Botany 2: 91-99.

Lebour, G.A. 1885. IV.- Note on the Posidonomya Becheri beds of budle (Northumberland), with remarks on the distribution of the species. Geological Magazine 2: 73-76.

Lee, C.P. 2009. Palaeozoic Stratigraphy. In Geology of Peninsular Malaysia, edited by Hutchison, C.S. & Tan. D.N.K. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya. pp. 55-86.

Lumjuan, A. 1993. Permo-Carboniferous of northern Nakhon Si Thammarat. International Symposium on Mainland of Southeast Asia: Facies and Paleontology. pp. 219-224.

Meor Hakif Hassan & Lee, C.P. 2005. The Devonian-Lower Carboniferous succession in Northwest Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 24(6): 719-738.

Metcalfe, I. 1996. Pre-Cretaceous evolution of SE Asian terranes. In Conference of Tectonic Evolution of Southeast Asia, edited by Hall. R. & Blundell, D. Geological Society of London Special Publication 106: 97-122.

Mohd Shafeea Leman & Asmaniza Yop. 2002. Early Permian sequence from Sungai Itau quarry, Langkawi: Its age, depositional environment and paleoclimate implication. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 46: 163-170.

Nicolaus, H.J. 1963. Zur Stratigraphie und Fauna der crenistria- Zone im Kulm des Rheinischen Schiefergebirges. Beihefte zum Geologischen Jahrbuch 53: 1-246.

Okan, Y. & Hoşgör, İ. 2007. Late Visean-Early Namurian bivalves from the Zonguldak Coal Basin, northwestern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 16: 225-240.

Ong, S.T. & Basir Jasin. 2007. Discovery of a Lower Devonian Dacryoconarid bed from Hill B, Guar Jentik, Perlis; Its significance and implications. Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 53: 1-6.

Reed, F.R.C. 1920. Carboniferous fossils from Siam. Geological Magazine 57: 113-120.

Renjie, Z. & Daoping, Y. 1993. Stratigraphic and paleobiogeographic summary of Carboniferous marine bivalves of China. Journal of Paleontolology 67: 850-856.

Ridd, M.F. 2007. A geological traverse across Peninsular Thailand. Journal of the Geological Society of Thailand 1: 1-48.

Sarkar, S.S. 1972. On Posidonia from Rebak Island, Langkawi, West Malaysia. Geological Society of Malaysia Newsletter 37: 5-9.

Stauffer, P.H. & Lee, C.P. 1986. Late Paleozoic glacial marine facies in Southeast Asia and its implications. GEOSEA V Proceedings, Geological Society of Malaysia Bulletin 20: 363-397.

Wongwanich, T., Boucot, A.J., Brunton, C.H.C., House, M.R. & Rachedoeuf, P.R. 2004. Numurian fossils (brachiopods, Goniatites) from Saturn Province, Southern Thailand. Journal of Paleontology 78: 1072-1085.

Yancey, T.E. 1972. Devonian Fossils from Pulau Rebak Besar, Langkawi Islands, West Malaysia. Geological Society of Malaysia Newsletter 37: 10-12.

Yates, P.J. 1962. The palaeontology of the Namurian rocks of Slieve Anierin, Co. Leitrim, Eire. Palaeontology 5(3): 355-443.

*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: basirjasin@gmail.com