Sains Malaysiana 45(12)(2016):
1857–1867
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2016-4512-10
Kesan Gabungan Aktiviti Guna Tanah
dan Perubahan Musim terhadap Kualiti Sumber Air:
Kajian Kes di Terusan Utara, Kedah
(Impact of the Combination of Land Use
Activities and Seasons Change on the Water Resources Quality:
Case Study of North Canal, Kedah)
MOHD. SUHAIMI
AHMAD*,
MUHAMMAD
RIDWAN
FAHMI,
MUSTAQQIM
ABDUL
RAHIM
& NAIMAH IBRAHIM
School of Environmental
Engineering, University of Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Kompleks
Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan,
Malaysia
Diserahkan: 18
Februari 2016/Diterima: 22 Julai 2016
ABSTRAK
Suatu kajian untuk menilai
kesan gabungan aktiviti guna tanah dan perubahan musim terhadap
kualiti sumber air telah dijalankan di Terusan Utara, Kedah. Kajian
ini dijalankan di lima stesen terpilih selama 12 bulan berdasarkan
Indeks Kualiti Air (WQI)
dan Piawaian Interim Kualiti Air Kebangsaan (INWQS).
Kajian mendapati kualiti air di Terusan Utara berada pada Kelas
III dan berlaku peningkatan kualiti air dari hulu ke hilir. Hampir
semua stesen berpotensi sebagai punca pencemaran berdasarkan aktiviti
guna tanah terutamanya di Pelubang, Jitra serta Tunjang. Kajian
menunjukkan terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan ketika perubahan
musim pada DO, TSS serta
BOD,
namun tidak pada ammonia, pH dan COD. Secara amnya, kombinasi aktiviti
guna tanah dan perubahan musim boleh mempengaruhi atau memberi
kesan terhadap kualiti sumber air. Oleh itu, tindakan segera perlu
dilakukan untuk mengawal punca pencemaran bagi memastikan kualiti
sumber air di Terusan Utara kekal terpelihara.
Kata kunci: Guna tanah; INWQS;
perubahan musim; sumber air; WQI
ABSTRACT
A study to assess the combined
effects of land use activities and seasonal changes in the water
resources quality has been carried out in North Channel, Kedah.
The study was conducted in five selected stations for 12 months
based on the Water Quality Index (WQI) and the Interim National Water Quality Standards (INWQS).
The study found that the water quality in the North Channel is
in Class III with improvement of water quality from upstream to
downstream. Almost all stations have shown that potential as sources
of contamination based on land use activities especially in Pelubang,
Jitra and Tunjang. The studies showed a significant difference
whereby a season change in DO,
TSS
and BOD
but not in ammonia, pH and COD. Generally, the combination
of land use activities and seasonal changes can be affected or
impacted to the water resources quality. Therefore, an urgent
action is needed to control the sources of pollution to ensure
the quality of water resources in the North Channel is preserved.
Keywords: INWQS; land used; seasons
change; water resources, WQI
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