Sains Malaysiana 45(12)(2016): 1969–1979
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2016-4512-22
Perbandingan Filogenetik
Protein Antigen-I yang Berpotensi sebagai Calon Diagnostik dan
Vaksin terhadap Parasit Cryptocaryon irritans
(Phylogenetic Comparison
of I-Antigens Protein as Potential Candidate for Diagnostic
and Vaccine for Cryptocaryon
irritans Parasite)
Yogeswaran Lokanathan1
2*, Adura Mohd-Adnan1
3 & Sheila Nathan1
1Pusat Pengajian
Biosains & Bioteknologi, Fakulti Sains & Teknologi, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Pusat Kejuruteraan
Tisu, Fakulti Perubatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan
Yaacob Latiff
56000 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
3Fakulti Sains,
Teknologi, Kejuruteraan dan Matematik, INTI International University
71800 Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 14 Jun 2016/Diterima: 26 Oktober 2016
ABSTRAK
Protein antigen-i parasit ikan
C. irritans berpotensi tinggi digunakan sebagai calon dalam pembangunan
vaksin komersial terhadap C. irritans. Walau bagaimanapun,
kewujudan variasi pada antigen-i serotip C. irritans yang
berbeza mempengaruhi tahap perlindungan yang bakal diberikan terhadap
varians C. irritans yang berbeza apabila antigen-i digunakan
sebagai vaksin. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk membandingkan jujukan
pelbagai antigen-i pencilan C. irritans di Malaysia berbanding
antigen-i pencilan C. irritans yang pernah dilaporkan.
Perbandingan filogenetik dijalankan untuk meramalkan potensi protein
tersebut dalam usaha membangunkan calon serodiagnostik dan pemvaksinan
terhadap pencilan C. irritans yang berlainan. Penjajaran
jujukan berbilang bagi jujukan asid amino antigen-i dilakukan
dengan perisian CLUSTALX
dan analisis filogenetik antigen-i dilakukan menggunakan
kaedah parsimoni maksimum (MP) dan kaedah Bayes. Sembilan transkrip
unik (TU) C. irritans yang mempunyai
padanan signifikan dengan antigen-i di pangkalan data protein
NCBI didapati
mempunyai peratus kesamaan antara 41% hingga 71%. Kedua-dua pohon
MP
dan Bayesian yang dijana menunjukkan varians antigen-i
cn56 and cn57 terkelompok bersama dalam satu kumpulan manakala
varians antigen-i yang lain terbahagi kepada dua kumpulan berasingan
dan pengkelompokan ini disokong oleh kehadiran asid amino yang
terpulihara dalam kumpulan masing-masing. Kajian lanjutan boleh
dilakukan untuk mengenal pasti varians antigen-i yang sesuai sebagai
calon serodiagnosis dan juga dapat memberi perlindungan silang
terhadap pelbagai pencilan C. irritans di serata dunia.
Kata kunci: Antigen-i; Cryptocaryon irritans; konformasi; perlindungan silang; serotip
ABSTRACT
The fish parasite C. irritans i-antigen protein has high potential to be developed
as a commercial vaccine against C. irritans. However, variation
within the i-antigens of different C. irritans serotypes
affected the cross-protection provided towards different isolates
of C. irritans when the i-antigen was evaluated as a candidate
vaccine. This study was conducted to compare the sequences of
various C. irritans i-antigens isolated in Malaysia with
i-antigen sequences of previously reported C. irritans isolates.
Phylogenetic comparison was performed to predict the protein’s
potential to be developed as a screening marker and vaccine candidate
against various C. irritans isolates. Multiple sequence
alignment of i-antigen amino acid sequences was undertaken using
ClustalX and phylogenetic analysis of i-antigen was performed
using the maximum parsimony (MP)
and Bayesian methods. Nine C. irritans unique transcripts
(UTs)
had significant matches with i-antigen sequences in the NCBI protein
database, with similarities ranging between 41 and 71%. Both MP and
Bayesian trees generated showed that i-antigens cn56 and cn57
variants clustered together in one group while other i-antigen
variants were divided over two different groups and the grouping
was supported by the presence of conserved amino acids in their
respective groups. Further research should identify variants of
the i-antigen suitable for serodiagnostic candidates and provision
of cross-protection against multiple strains of C. irritans
globally.
Keywords: Conformation; cross protection; Cryptocaryon
irritans; i-antigen; serotype
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: lyoges@ppukm.ukm.edu.my