Sains Malaysiana 45(6)(2016): 883–890
Correlation
of Morphological Characteristics with the Presence of Indicant in Indigofera sp. Dyestuff
(Korelasi
Ciri Morfologi dengan Kehadiran Indikan dalam Bahan Pewarna Indigofera sp.)
MUZZAZINAH1,2, TATIK CHIKMAWATI3*
& NUNIK SRI ARIYANTI3
1Plant Biology
Graduate Program, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural
Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, 16680, Indonesia
2Biology Education
Study Program, Teacher Training and Education, Sebelas Maret University
Solo, 57126, Indonesia
3Department of Biology,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University,
16680, Indonesia
Diserahkan: 22 Mei 2015/Diterima: 15 Disember 2015
ABSTRACT
A total of 9 species of Indigofera have been identified on the Islands of Java and Madura.
Only one species has been utilized by batik makers and weavers as
a natural dye, while the other 8 species are of unknown potential
as natural dyes. This study seeks to demonstrate the correlation
between morphological characteristics and the level and quality
of indicant compound, in order to assist batik producers and weavers
in determining the species that can be used as dyestuff. The potential
blue colour dyestuff yield of Indigofera was determined by
leaf immersion, followed by quantitative and qualitative examination
of the indicant present. Morphological characteristics were then
analysed to identify those that correlated with the presence of
indicant. The indicant differences were analysed using SPSS; the relationship between
the characteristics was analyzed by Pearson correlation and logistic
regression. Four species, namely I. tinctoria, I. arrecta, I.
suffruticosa and I. longiracemosa, contained indigo. The
colour produced by indigo dye obtained from these four species of
Indigofera had a '4–5' value of colour change and colour
staining in tests involving washing, sweat, bright light and heat
stress. This value meets the 'good quality' standard of the Indonesian
National Standards (SNI).
I. suffruticosa has the highest indicant content at 1.4 g/kg,
followed by I. tinctoria, I. arrecta, and I. longiracemosa
with 0.414, 0.13, and 0.038 g/kg, respectively. The colour of
upper and lower dried foliages were correlated to potential indigo
dye producers.
Keywords: Colouring; dried foliage; immersion
ABSTRAK
Sebanyak 9 spesies Indigofera telah dikenal pasti di Pulau Jawa dan Madura. Hanya
satu spesies digunakan oleh pembuat batik dan penenun sebagai pewarna
semula jadi, manakala 8 spesies yang lain
tidak diketahui potensinya sebagai pewarna semula jadi. Kajian
ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan korelasi antara ciri morfologi serta
tahap dan kualiti sebatian indikan, untuk membantu pengeluar batik
dan penenun dalam menentukan spesies yang boleh digunakan sebagai
pewarna. Potensi pewarna warna biru hasil Indigofera
ditentukan melalui rendaman daun, diikuti pemeriksaan kehadiran
kuantitatif dan kualitatif indikan. Ciri morfologi
kemudian dianalisis untuk mengenal pasti kaitan dengan kehadiran
indikan. Perbezaan indikan seterusnya
dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS;
hubungan antara ciri dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Pearson dan
regresi logistik. Empat spesies iaitu I. tinctoria, I.
arrecta, I. suffruticosa dan I. longiracemosa mengandungi
indigo. Warna yang dihasilkan oleh pewarna indigo diperoleh daripada
empat spesies Indigofera ini mempunyai nilai '4-5' perubahan
warna dan pencelupan warna dalam ujian yang melibatkan basuhan,
peluh, cahaya terang dan tekanan matahari. Nilai
ini memenuhi piawai kualiti baik Piawaian Nasional Indonesia (SNI).I. suffruticosa
mempunyai nilai kandungan indikan tertinggi pada 1.4 g/kg, diikuti
oleh I. tinctoria, I. arrecta dan I. longiracemosa dengan
kandungan indikan masing-masing adalah 0,414, 0.13, dan 0,038 g/kg.
Warna atas dan bawah dedaun kering dikaitkan dengan potensi pengeluar
pewarna indigo.
Kata kunci: Dedaun kering;
pewarna; rendaman
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: tchikmawati@yahoo.com
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