Sains Malaysiana 45(6)(2016): 879–882
How
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), a Semi-Aquatic Plant Adapt to Natural Flood or
Submerged Condition? A Physiological Perspective
(Bagaimana
Padi (Oryza sativa L.), Suatu Tumbuhan Akuatik Menyesuaikan
Diri
dalam Keadaan Banjir Semula Jadi
atau Tenggelam? Suatu Perspektif Fisiologi)
R.K. UPADHYAY*
Department of Botany, Haflong Government College (Assam University
Affiliation)
Haflong - 788819, Assam, India
Diserahkan: 17 Jun 2014//Diterima: 19 Disember 2015
ABSTRACT
The deficiency of oxygen in water during submergence is one of the
frequently perceived environmental factors that limits or hampers
production of the rice cultivation. Rice plants comprise of elongated
submerged tissues that help to bear with the rise of water level
in natural location. This characteristic helps the plant to deal
with flooding stress. The mechanism on flooding tolerance and adaptation
mostly includes the physiological changes, one of which is the shortened
growth of elongation towards keeping the carbohydrates and energy
for production of the antioxidant regulations in rice plants. Furthermore,
molecular studies and gene cloning might help suggest a better understanding
of means and adaptations built-up by rice plants in order to stay
alive and to remain active during flooding stress, might help to
focus on some novel approaches to the up gradation as well as improvement
on the natural cultivation of rice plants.
Keywords: Adaptation; anoxia; biochemical change; flooding; Oryza sativa; submergence
ABSTRAK
Kekurangan oksigen dalam air semasa penenggelaman
adalah salah satu faktor alam sekitar yang sering dilihat menghadkan
atau menghalang pengeluaran penanaman padi. Tanaman padi terdiri daripada tisu tenggelam memanjang
yang membantu mengatasi kenaikan paras air di lokasi semula jadi.
Ciri ini membantu tumbuhan untuk menangani tekanan banjir.
Mekanisme banjir dan penyesuaian selalunya melibatkan perubahan
fisiologi, satu daripadanya ialah pemendekan pertumbuhan pemanjangan
ke arah menjaga karbohidrat dan tenaga untuk pengeluaran antioksidan
dalam tanaman padi. Selanjutnya, kajian molekul dan pengklonan
gen boleh membantu mencadangkan cara yang lebih difahami dan penyesuaian
binaan oleh tanaman padi untuk terus hidup dan kekal aktif semasa
tekanan banjir, dapat membantu untuk memberi tumpuan kepada beberapa
pendekatan novel untuk meningkatkan pemeringkatan serta penambah
baikan penanaman tanaman padi secara semula jadi.
Kata kunci: Anoksia; banjir; Oryza sativa; penyesuaian; perubahan biokimia; tenggelam
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: rishik.upadhyay@rediffmail.com
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