Sains Malaysiana 45(7)(2016): 1025–1034

The Use of WorldView-2 Satellite Data in Urban Tree Species Mapping by Object-Based Image Analysis Technique

(Penggunaan Data Satelit WorldView-2 bagi Pemetaan Spesies Pokok Bandar menggunakan Teknik Analisis Imej berasaskan Objek)

RAZIEH SHOJANOORI¹, HELMI Z.M. SHAFRI¹*, SHATTRI MANSOR¹ & MOHD HASMADI ISMAIL²

¹Department of Civil Engineering and, Geospatial Information Science Research Centre (GISRC)

Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan

Malaysia

²Forest Survey and Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia

43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 25 Mac 2015/Diterima: 3 Disember 2015

ABSTRACT

The growth of residential and commercial areas threatens vegetation and ecosystems. Thus, an urgent urban management issue involves determining the state and the quantity of urban tree species to protect the environment, as well as controlling their growth and decline. This study focused on the detection of urban tree species by considering three types of tree species, namely, Mesua ferrea L., Samanea saman, and Casuarina sumatrana. New rule sets were developed to detect these three species. In this regard, two pixel-based classification methods were applied and compared; namely, the method of maximum likelihood classification and support vector machines. These methods were then compared with object-based image analysis (OBIA) classification. OBIA was used to develop rule sets by extracting spatial, spectral, textural and color attributes, among others. Finally, the new rule sets were implemented into WorldView-2 imagery. The results indicated that the OBIA based on the rule sets displayed a significant potential to detect different tree species with high accuracy.

Keywords: Object-based classification; pixel-based classification; urban tree species; WorldView-2

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan kawasan penempatan dan komersial mengancam tumbuhan dan ekosistem. Maka isu pengurusan bandar termasuk mengenal pasti keadaan dan kuantiti spesies pokok bandar untuk melindungi alam sekitar dan juga mengawal pertumbuhan serta kemerosotan mereka perlu dijalankan dengan segera. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada pengesanan spesies pokok bandar dengan mengambil kira tiga spesies yang dikenali sebagai Messua ferrea L., Samanea saman dan Casuarina sumatrana. Set peraturan baharu dibangunkan untuk mengesan tiga spesies ini. Dengan ini, dua teknik pengelasan berasaskan piksel diaplikasi dan dibandingkan menggunakan teknik kebolehjadian maksimum dan mesin penyokong vektor. Teknik ini kemudian dibandingkan dengan pengelasan analisis imej berasakan objek (OBIA). Teknik OBIA kemudian digunakan untuk membangunkan set peraturan dengan mengekstrak ciri reruang, spektrum, tekstur dan warna serta lain-lain yang berkaitan. Akhirnya set peraturan baharu diguna pakai kepada imej WorldView-2. Hasilnya menunjukkan teknik OBIA berasaskan set peraturan yang baharu tersebut menunjukkan potensi yang signifikan untuk mengesan spesies pokok dengan ketepatan yang tinggi.

Kata kunci: Pengelasan berasaskan objek; pengelasan berasaskan piksel; spesies pokok bandar; WorldView-2

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