Sains Malaysiana 46(12)(2017): 2507–2514
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-28
Enhanced
Photodegradation of Phenol by ZnO
Nanoparticles Synthesized through Sol-gel Method
(Peningkatan Fotopenguraian oleh Fenol dengan
Sintesis ZnO
Nano Zarah melalui Kaedah
Sol-gel)
NIKATHIRAH YUSOFF1,
LI-NGEE
HO2*,
SOON-AN
ONG1,
YEE-SHIAN
WONG1,
WANFADHILAH
KHALIK1
& MUHAMMAD FAHMI RIDZWAN1
1Water Research Goup (WAREG), School of Environmental Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan, Malaysia
2School of Materials Engineering,
Universiti Malaysia Perlis, 02600 Arau, Perlis Indera Kayangan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 13 April 2015/Diterima: 1 Mei 2017
ABSTRACT
Zinc oxide (ZnO) utilization in advanced oxidation process (AOP)
via solar-photocatalytic process was a promising method for
alternative treating wastewater containing phenol. The ZnO
photocatalyst semiconductor was synthesized by sol-gel method.
The morphology of the ZnO nanostructures
was observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and
the crystallite phase of the ZnO was
confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD).
The objective of this study was to synthesis ZnO
nanoparticles through a sol-gel method for application as a
photocatalyst in the photodegradation
of phenol under solar light irradiation. The photodegradation
rate of phenol increased with the increasing of ZnO
loading from 0.2 until 1.0 g. Only 2 h were required for synthesized
ZnO to fully degrade the phenol. The
synthesized ZnO are capable to totally
degrade high initial concentration up until 45 mg L-1 within
6 h of reaction time. The photodegradation
of phenol by ZnO are most favoured
under the acidic condition (pH3) where the 100% removal achieved
after 2 h of reaction. The mineralization of phenol was monitored
through chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and 92.6% or removal was achieved. This study
distinctly utilized natural sunlight as the sole sources of
irradiation which safe, inexpensive; to initiate the photocatalyst
for degradation of phenol.
Keywords: Phenol; photocatalyst; photocatalytic; sol-gel; zinc oxide
ABSTRAK
Penggunaan zink oksida (ZnO)
dalam proses pengudaraan
lanjutan (PPL) melalui
proses sinaran suria
fotopemangkin merupakan kaedah alternatif untuk merawat air buangan yang mengandungi fenol. Pemangkin semikonduktor ZnO
disintesis melalui
kaedah sol-gel. Bentuk permukaan
struktur nano
ZnO dikenal pasti
menggunakan analisis
SEM
dan fasa hablur
ZnO disahkan
melalui analisis XRD.
Objektif kajian
ini adalah untuk
mensintesis ZnO
berstruktur nano melalui kaedah sol-gel bertujuan untuk diaplikasikan sebagai pemangkin dalam proses fotopenguraian fenol di bawah sinaran suria.
Kadar fotopenguraian fenol
meningkat dengan peningkatan jumlah ZnO bermula daripada
0.2 hingga 1.0 g. Tempoh
masa 2 jam diperlukan untuk
ZnO sintesis mengurai
fenol sepenuhnya.
ZnO sintesis mampu
untuk menguraikan
kepekatan fenol yang tinggi sehingga 45 mg L-1 dalam tempoh 6 jam masa tindak balas. Fotopenguraian
fenol oleh
ZnO sangat sesuai
dalam keadaan
berasid (pH3), dengan 100% penguraian dicatatkan selepas dua jam masa tindak balas. Penguraian lengkap
fenol dikawal
menerusi pengurangan keperluan oksigen lengkap (COD) dan
sebanyak 92.6% penguraian
dicapai. Kajian ini jelas menggunakan sinaran matahari semula jadi sebagai sumber
sinaran tunggal
yang selamat, murah dan mampu mengaktifkan
pemangkin untuk
penguraian fenol.
Kata kunci: Fenol;
fotopemangkin; fotopemangkinan;
sol-gel; zink oksida
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat;
email: lnho@unimap.edu.my