Sains Malaysiana 46(2)(2017): 181–188
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4602-01
Peak
Friction Angle Estimation from Joint Roughness Coefficient of Discontinuities
of Limestone in Peninsular Malaysia
(Anggaran
Sudut Geseran Puncak daripada Pekali Kasar Kekasaran Ketakselanjaran
Batu Kapur
di Semenanjung Malaysia)
AILIE SOFYIANA SERASA1,2, GOH THIAN LAI*, ABDUL GHANI RAFEK3, AZIMAH HUSSIN1, LEE KHAI ERN4 & TUAN RUSLI MOHAMED5
1Geology Program,
School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science
and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul
Ehsan, Malaysia
2Chemical and
Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built
Environment, UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
3Department of
Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh,
Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
4Institute for
Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
5Jabatan Mineral dan
Geosains Malaysia, Perak, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, 31400 Ipoh,
Perak
Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
1 Mac 2016/Diterima: 6 Jun 2016
ABSTRACT
The peak friction angle (φpeak)
roughness of discontinuity surfaces is a value that is fundamental
to the understanding of shear strength of geological discontinuities,
considering its importance in determining the mechanical properties
of the discontinuity surface. It is however, both time and cost
demanding to determine the peak friction angle as it requires an
extensive series of laboratory tests. This paper presents an approach
in the form of an experimentally determined polynomial equation
to estimate peak friction angle of limestone discontinuity surfaces
by measuring the Joint Roughness Coefficient (JRC)
values in a field survey study, and applying the fore mentioned
empirical correlation. A total of 1967 tilt tests and JRC measurements
were conducted in the laboratory to determine the peak friction
angles of rough limestone discontinuity surfaces. The experimental
results were analyzed and correlated to establish a polynomial equation
of φpeak
= -0.0635JRC2 + 3.95JRC
+ 25.2 with coefficient of determination (R2)
of 0.99. The laboratory results were also compared with theoretical
results calculated from Barton's linear equation. The results shown
that estimation of peak friction angles were more accurate using
the newly proposed polynomial equation since the percentage differences
between measured and calculated peak friction angles is less than
6% compared to estimation from Barton's linear equation where the
percentage of differences is less than 11%. The proposed correlation
offers a practical method for estimation of peak friction angles
of discontinuity surfaces of limestone from measurement of JRC in the field.
Keywords: Discontinuity surface roughness; empirical correlation;
joint roughness coefficient (JRC); limestone; peak friction
angle
ABSTRAK
Sudut geseran puncak (fpeak)
kekasaran permukaan ketakselanjaran adalah nilai asasi kepada pemahaman
tentangkekuatan ricih ketakselanjaran geologi, memandangkan kepentingannya
dalam menentukan sifat mekanik permukaan ketakselanjaran. Walau
bagaimanapun, ia memerlukan masa dan kos yang tinggi untuk menentukan
sudut geseran puncak kerana ia memerlukan satu siri ujian makmal
yang menyeluruh. Kertas ini membentangkan suatu pendekatan dalam
bentuk persamaan polinomial yang dijalankan secara makmal untuk
menganggar sudut geseran puncak permukaan ketakselanjaran batu kapur
dengan mengukur Pekali Kekasaran Kekar (JRC) dalam kajian survei
lapangan dan menggunakan empirikal korelasi yang disebutkan sebelum
ini. Sejumlah 1967 ujian kemiringan dan pengukuran JRC telah dijalankan
di dalam makmal untuk menentukan sudut geseran puncak permukaan
kasar ketakselanjaran batu kapur. Keputusan ujian telah dianalisis
dan dikorelasi untuk mewujudkan persamaan polinomial fpeak= - 0.0635JRC2
+ 3.95JRC+ 25.2 dengan pekali penentuan (R2) sebanyak 0.99. Keputusan
makmal juga dibandingkan dengan keputusan secara teori yang dikira
daripada persamaan linear Barton. Hasil menunjukkan bahawa anggaran
sudut geseran puncak adalah lebih tepat dengan menggunakan persamaan
polinomial baru yang dicadangkan memandangkan perbezaan peratusan
antara sudut geseran puncak yang diukur dengan yang dikira adalah
kurang daripada 6% berbanding dengan anggaran daripada persamaan
linear Barton dan peratusan perbezaan adalah kurang daripada 11%.
Korelasi yang dicadangkan memberikan suatu kaedah praktikal untuk
anggaran puncak sudut geseran permukaan ketakselanjaran batu kapur
daripada pengukuran JRC dalam lapangan.
Kata kunci: Batu kapur; kekasaran ketakselanjaran permukaan;
korelasi empirikal; pekali kekasaran kekar (JRC); sudut geseran
puncak
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat, email: gdsbgoh@gmail.com
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