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Sains Malaysiana 46(5)(2017): 803–815 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4605-15
Darcian
Natural Convection in an Inclined Trapezoidal Cavity Partly Filled
with a Porous Layer and Partly with a Nanofluid Layer (Perolakan
Semula Jadi Darcian dalam Rongga Trapezium Condong yang Sebahagiannya
Dipenuhi dengan Lapisan
Berliang dan Sebahagiannya dengan Lapisan Nanobendalir) A.I. ALSABERY1,
A.J.
CHAMKHA2,3,
H.
SALEH1,
I.
HASHIM1*
& B. CHANANE4 1School of Mathematical
Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2Department of Mechanical
Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University P.O. Box 1664, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia 3Prince Sultan Endowment
for Energy and Environment, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University Al-Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia 4Department
of Mathematics and Statistics, King Fahd University
of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran-31261, Saudi Arabia Diserahkan: 22 Februari 2016/Diterima: 1 November 2016 ABSTRACT The problem of Darcian natural convection in a trapezoidal cavity
partly filled with porous layer and partly with nanofluid layer
is studied numerically using finite difference method. The left
slopping wall is maintained at a constant hot temperature and the
right slopping wall is maintained at a constant cold temperature,
while the horizontal walls are adiabatic. Water-based nanofluids
with Ag or Cu or TiO2 nanoparticles
are chosen for the investigation. The governing parameters of this
study are the Rayleigh number (104 ˛ Ra ˛ 107),
Darcy number (10–5 ˛ Da ˛ 10–3),
nanoparticle volume fraction (0 ˛ φ ˛ 0.2), porous layer thickness
(0.3 ˛ S ˛ 0,7), the side wall inclination angle (0ˇ ˛ ϕ ˛ 21.8ˇ) and the inclination angle of
the cavity (0ˇ ˛ ϖ ˛ 90ˇ). Explanation for the influence
of various above-mentioned parameters on streamlines, isotherms
and overall heat transfer is provided on the basis of thermal conductivities
of nanoparticles, water and porous medium. It is shown that convection
increases remarkably by the addition of silver-water nanofluid and
the heat transfer rate is affected by the inclination angle of the
cavity variation. The results have possible applications in heat-removal
and heat-storage fluid-saturated porous systems. Keywords: Darcy model; nanofluid; natural convection; partially filled;
porous media ABSTRAK Masalah perolakan semula jadi Darcian dalam rongga trapezium yang
sebahagiannya dipenuhi dengan lapisan berliang dan sebahagiannya
dengan lapisan nanobendalir dikaji secara berangka menggunakan kaedah
perbezaan terhingga. Dinding cerun sebelah kiri dikekalkan pada
suhu panas tetap yang berterusan dan dinding cerun kanan dikekalkan
pada suhu sejuk berterusan, manakala dinding mendatar secara adiabatik.
Nanobendalir berasaskan air dengan zarah nano Ag atau Cu atau TiO
telah dipilih untuk kajian. Parameter penentu kajian ini adalah
nombor Rayleigh (104 ≤ Ra ≤ 107),
nombor Darcy (10–5 ≤ Da ≤ 10–3),
pecahan isi padu zarah nano (0 ≤ φ ≤ 0.2), ketebalan
lapisan berliang (0.3 ≤ S ≤ 0,7), sebelah dinding sudut condong
(0° ≤ ϕ ≤ 21.8°) dan sudut condong berongga
(0° ≤ ϖ ≤ 90°). Penjelasan untuk pengaruh
pelbagai parameter yang tersebut ke atas garis strim, isoterma dan
pemindahan haba keseluruhan juga disediakan berdasarkan terma kekonduksian
zarah nano, air dan medium berliang. Ia menunjukkan bahawa perolakan
meningkat secara luar biasa dengan penambahan bendalir nano air-perak
dan kadar pemindahan haba dipengaruhi oleh sudut condong variasi
berongga. Keputusan ini mempunyai potensi pengaplikasian dalam sistem
pemindahan haba dan penyimpanan haba cecair-tepu berliang. Kata kunci: Nanobendalir;
media berliang; model Darcy; perolakan semula jadi; sebahagiannya
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