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Sains Malaysiana 47(1)(2018): 195–205 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4701-23
Effects
of Nano-Carbon Reinforcement on the Swelling and Shrinkage Behaviour
of Soil (Kesan
Pengukuhan Nanokarbon terhadap Sifat Pembengkakan dan Pengecutan Tanah)
MOHD RAIHAN TAHA1,2, JAMAL M.A. ALSHAREF1*, RAMEZ A. AL-MANSOB1 & TANVEER AHMED KHAN1
1Department of Civil
and Structural Engineering, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
2Institute
for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600
UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
8 Mac 2017/Diterima: 21 Jun 2017
ABSTRACT
In this study, the performance of two types of nanocarbons (NCs),
namely carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNFs),
on the three-dimensional shrinkage and swelling properties of three clayey
soils were investigated. The specimens of soil mixed with clay with bentonite
contents of 0, 10 and 20% by weight of dry soil. NC contents
of 0.05, 0.075, 0.10 and 0.20% were chosen to investigate the influence of
different NC types, CNTs and CNFs.
All soil specimens were compacted under maximum dry unit weight and optimum
water content conditions by using standard compaction tests. The physical and mechanical
characteristics of the reinforced samples were then determined. These included
the desiccation cracking area, used to determine the crack intensity factor (CIF),
as well as the shrinkage and swelling. The CIF for
the soil specimens without NCs were higher than the soil
specimens with NC additives. These results show that NCs
decrease the development of desiccation cracks on the surface of compacted
samples. The shrinkage and swelling tests showed that the rate of volume
changing of the compacted soil specimens reduced with the increasing of NCs.
Keywords: Compaction; desiccation cracks; nano-fiber
reinforcement; volume change
ABSTRAK
Dalam kajian ini, prestasi dua jenis nanokarbon (NC),
iaitu tiub nano karbon (CNT) dan serat nano karbon (CNF)
terhadap sifat pengecutan tiga dimensi dan sifat pembengkakan tiga jenis
lempung dikaji. Spesimen tanah dicampur dengan lempung pada kandungan bentonit
0, 10 dan 20% daripada berat tanah kering. Kandungan NC sebanyak
0.05, 0.075, 0.10 dan 0.20% dipilih untuk mengkaji pengaruh jenis NC yang
berbeza iaitu CNT dan CNF. Semua spesimen tanah
dipadatkan di bawah unit berat kering maksimum dan keadaan kandungan air yang
optimum dengan menggunakan ujian pemadatan piawai. Ciri fizikal dan mekanik
sampel tersebut ditentukan. Ini termasuk kawasan retak pengeringan yang
digunakan untuk menentukan faktor keamatan retakan (CIF)
serta pengecutan dan pembengkakan. CIF untuk spesimen tanah tanpa NC adalah
lebih tinggi daripada spesimen tanah dengan bahan tambah NC.
Keputusan ini menunjukkan bahawa NC mengurangkan pembentukan
kesan retak pengeringan pada permukaan sampel yang dipadatkan. Ujian pengecutan
dan pembengkakan menunjukkan bahawa perubahan kadar isi padu pada spesimen
tanah yang dipadatkan dikurangkan dengan peningkatan NC.
Kata kunci: Pemadatan; pengukuhan nano-fiber;
perubahan isi padu; retak pengeringan
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: jamalshref@yahoo.com
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