Sains
Malaysiana 47(2)(2018): 221-225
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4702-02
Effect of
Gibberellic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
(Kesan Asid
Giberelik pada Pertumbuhan dan Penghasilan Kacang Tanah
(Arachis
hypogaea L.))
Mohammed Hasan* & Ismail B.S.
School of
Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 5 December 2016/Diterima: 8 Ogos 2017
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted
during two different seasons to determine the best concentration of gibberellic
acid (GA3) that could result in better growth and higher yield of groundnut (Arachis
hypogaea L.). Experiments were conducted during the
2015 dry season and 2016 wet season at the field of the Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. The
purpose of the experiments was to investigate the response of the groundnut
plants to four levels of GA3 (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg L−1) as
foliar spray at 21 and 42 days after sowing. The treatments were laid out in a
randomized complete block design and replicated thrice. The results showed that
the treatment of 150 mg L−1 GA3 significantly (p<0.05) increased plant height, number of
branches per plant, total dry weight, number of pods per plant, pod yield, 100
seed weight, % shelling, oil content, protein content, seed moisture and
germination percentage during the wet and dry seasons. In conclusion, the 150
mg L−1 GA3 concentration is the optimum level required to
enhance the growth and yield in groundnuts during the wet and dry seasons.
Keywords:
Dry season; GA3; gibberellic acid; groundnut; wet season
ABSTRAK
Kajian ini dijalankan dalam dua musim yang berbeza bagi
mencari kepekatan asid giberelik (GA3) yang terbaik untuk menghasilkan
pertumbuhan yang lebih baik dan hasil yang lebih tinggi bagi kacang tanah (Arachis
hypogaea L.). Kajian dilakukan ketika musim kemarau pada
tahun 2015 dan musim hujan tahun pada 2016 di ladang Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Malaysia. Tujuan kajian ini
adalah untuk mengkaji tindak balas tumbuhan kacang tanah terhadap empat
peringkat GA3 (0, 50, 100 dan 150 mg L-1) sebagai semburan daun pada
hari ke-21 dan ke-42 selepas penyemaian. Perlakuan tersebut telah
ditetapkan dalam reka bentuk blok lengkap rawak dengan
tiga replikasi. Keputusan kajian menunjukkan bahawa perlakuan dengan 150 mg L-1 GA3 nyata sekali (p<0.05) meningkatkan ketinggian tumbuhan,
bilangan dahan setiap tumbuhan,
bilangan nodul setiap tumbuhan, jumlah berat kering, bilangan lenggai setiap
tumbuhan, hasil lenggai, berat 100 biji benih, % pengasingan cangkerang,
kandungan minyak, kandungan protein, kelembapan biji benih dan peratus
percambahan semasa musim hujan dan kemarau. Walau bagaimanapun,
analisis regresi menunjukkan bahawa 150 mg L-1 GA3 yang digunakan
semasa musim hujan dan musim kemarau adalah pada tahap optimum yang diperlukan
untuk memangkin pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang tanah.
Kata
kunci: Asid giberelik; GA3; kacang tanah; musim hujan; musim kering
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: aldulaimi89_fst@yahoo.com