Sains Malaysiana 47(5)(2018): 991–997

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4705-14

 

Impact of Shoreline Changes to Pahang Coastal Area by Using Geospatial Technology

(Impak Perubahan Persisiran Kawasan Pantai Pahang dengan Menggunakan Teknologi Georuang)

 

FAZLY AMRI MOHD¹, KHAIRUL NIZAM ABDUL MAULUD^1,2*, RAWSHAN ARA BEGUM³, SITI NORSAKINAH SELAMAT³ & OTHMAN A. KARIM¹

 

¹Department of Civil & Structural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

²Earth Observation Centre, Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

³Institute of Climate Change (IPI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 18 September 2017/Diterima: 21 Disember 2017

 

ABSTRACT

Malaysia has a long coastline stretching over 4,809 km where more than 1,300 km of beaches are experiencing erosion. Coastal erosion is recognised as the permanent loss of land and habitats along the shoreline resulting in the changes of the coast. Thus, it is important to detect and monitor shoreline changes especially in Pahang coast by identifying the rate of shoreline erosion and accretion. This study used temporal data and high spatial resolution imagery (SPOT 5) using remote sensing and GIS techniques to monitor shoreline changes along 10 study locations, which is from Cherating to Pekan of the Pahang coast. The total length of shoreline changes is about 14 km (14035.10 m) where all these areas are very likely to experience erosion ranging from 0.1 to 94.7 ha. On the other hand, these coastal areas found a minimal accretion with increased sediment from 0.1 to 2.8 ha. Overall, the coastal areas are exposed to higher erosion process than accretion with a very high vulnerability of erosion rate from 1.8 to 20.9 meter per year. The findings on monitoring shoreline changes and identifying vulnerable erosion areas might be useful in the policy and decision making for sustainable coastal management.

 

Keywords: Accretion; coastal changes; erosion; geospatial; vulnerability

 

ABSTRAK

Malaysia mempunyai garis pantai sepanjang 4,809 km dengan lebih daripada 1,300 km pantai mengalami hakisan. Hakisan pantai dikenal pasti sebagai kehilangan tanah dan habitat yang kekal di sepanjang garis pantai yang mengakibatkan perubahan pantai. Oleh itu, adalah penting untuk mengesan dan memantau perubahan pantai terutamanya di pantai Pahang dengan mengenal pasti kadar hakisan dan penambahan pantai. Kajian ini menggunakan beberapa imej satelit beresolusi tinggi (SPOT 5) pada masa yang berbeza dengan menggunakan teknik penderiaan jauh dan GIS. Kawasan kajian adalah 10 lokasi yang terletak dari Cherating ke Pekan, Pahang. Keputusan kajian mendapati jumlah panjang perubahan garis pantai adalah lebih kurang 14 km (14035.10 m) dengan semua kawasan ini berkemungkinan terhakis antara 0.1 hingga 94.7 hektar. Sebaliknya, kawasan pesisir ini menemui penambahan minima dengan nilai sedimen daripada 0.1 hingga 2.8 hektar. Secara keseluruhannya, kawasan pesisir terdedah kepada proses hakisan yang lebih tinggi daripada penambahan dengan kadar kerentanan hakisan yang sangat tinggi daripada 1.8 hingga 20.9 meter setahun. Keputusan pemantauan perubahan pesisiran pantai dan pengenalpastian kawasan yang berkerentanan rendah dapat digunakan dalam membuat dasar dan keputusan bagi meningkatkan mutu pengurusan pantai.

 

Kata kunci: Georuang; hakisan; kerentanan; pemendapan; perubahan pantai

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: knam@ukm.edu.my