Sains Malaysiana 51(11)(2022): 3551-3566

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-04

 

Effect of Anthropogenic Activity on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Functional Feeding Groups in Small Streams of West Sumatra, Indonesia

(Kesan Aktiviti Antropogen pada Kumpulan Fungsian Pemakanan Bentik Makroinvertebrata di Sungai Kecil Sumatra Barat, Indonesia)

 

JOJOK SUDARSO^*, TRI SURYONO, GUNAWAN P. YOGA, IMROATUSSHOOLIKHAH, AIMAN IBRAHIM, LAELA SARI, MUHAMMAD BADJOERI & OCTAVIANTO SAMIR

 

Puslit Limnologi-LIPI, Jl. Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, 16911, Cibinong, Indonesia

 

Diserahkan: 1 Mac 2022/Diterima: 7 Julai 2022

 

Abstract

Functional feeding groups (FFG) of benthic macroinvertebrates have been used to characterize the condition of aquatic ecosystems, changes in land use, and assess the river health ecosystems. Ranggeh River belongs to a small river that plays a vital role in breeding the native fish of Lake Maninjau (West Sumatra). Agricultural activities and human settlements around the Ranggeh River can threaten life and change the FFG of benthic macroinvertebrates. This study aims to analyze and observe changes in water quality by anthropogenic activities and their impact on FFG benthic macroinvertebrates in a small stream (Ranggeh River). This research was conducted at the Ranggeh River segment from February to August 2019. A sampling of benthic macroinvertebrates was carried out using a Hess sampler on the riffle. This study shows that predators, shredders, and scrapers are still dominant when the Ranggeh River ecosystem is still minimally disturbed by agricultural activities and settlements. However, when agriculture activities and human settlements become more massive, the dominant FFGs are collector-filterers and collector-gatherers. Sedimentation parameters (turbidity and % embeddedness) in the Ranggeh River greatly influence predators, scrapers, and shredders. FFG has excellent potential to be further developed in preparing biocriteria for the effects of agriculture and human settlements.

 

Keywords: Benthic macroinvertebrates; pollution; sedimentation; tropical; water quality

 

Abstrak

Kumpulan fungsian pemakanan (FFG) daripada organisma bentik makroinvertebrata telah digunakan untuk mencirikan keadaan ekosistem akuatik, perubahan penggunaan tanah, serta menilai kesihatan ekosistem sungai. Sungai Ranggeh merupakan sungai kecil yang memainkan peranan penting dalam jalur migrasi ikan tempatan Danau Maninjau (Sumatera Barat). Aktiviti pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk di sekitar Sungai Ranggeh boleh mengancam kehidupan dan mengubah FFG bentik makroinvertebrata. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan memerhati perubahan kualiti air oleh aktiviti antropogen dan kesannya terhadap FFG bentik makroinvertebrata di Sungai Ranggeh. Penyelidikan ini dijalankan di segmen Sungai Ranggeh dari Februari hingga Ogos 2019. Persampelan makroinvertebrata bentik telah dijalankan menggunakan alat Hess-sampler di bahagian balan. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa apabila ekosistem Sungai Ranggeh masih terganggu pada tahap minimum oleh aktiviti pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk, pemangsa FFG, pencarik dan pengikis masih dominan. Namun ketika aktiviti pertanian dan pemukiman penduduk menjadi lebih pesat, FFG yang dominan adalah pemungut-penapis dan pengumpul-pemungut. Parameter sedimentasi (kekeruhan dan % batu tertanam) di Sungai Ranggeh mempunyai pengaruh yang besar terhadap FFG pemangsa, pengikis dan pencarik. FFG mempunyai potensi besar untuk dikembangkan lagi dalam penyediaan biokriteria untuk kesan pertanian dan pemukiman  penduduk.

 

Keywords: Bentik makroinvertebrata; kualiti air; pemendapan; pencemaran; tropika

 

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