Sains Malaysiana 51(11)(2022): 3579-3590
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2022-5111-06
Pathogenic Effects and Prepatent Periods of Trypanosoma evansi Isolates from Indonesia in Mice
(Kesan Patogen dan Tempoh Prapaten Pengasingan Trypanosoma evansi pada Mencit dari Indonesia)
DYAH H. SAWITRI1,
APRIL H. WARDHANA1,2, MOHAMAD SADIKIN3, HERI WIBOWO4 & MARC DESQUESNES5
1Indonesian Research Centre for Veterinary Science, Bogor, Indonesia 16114
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
3Department of
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
4Department of
Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
5InterTryp, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, F-34398 Montpellier,
France
Diserahkan: 27 Julai 2021/Diterima: 16 Jun 2022
Abstract
Trypanosoma evansi is an extracellular blood protozoan parasite that
causes Surra in livestock, but only a few studies
have been conducted on the pathogenicity of its isolates. Meanwhile, it was
discovered that the rate of parasite growth and the length of the prepatent periods were equivalent in different strains of
cattle and mice. Thus, further research into the pathogenic effects and
pre-patent periods of T. evansi in mice is necessary to aid in the
epidemiological understanding and field treatment strategy for Surra. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the
pathogenic potential of T. evansi isolates from Indonesia and their prepatent periods. A total of 32 T. evansi isolates from various regions
in Indonesia were inoculated intraperitoneally into
three male DDY mice (104 parasites/0.3 mL) for each isolate.
Additionally, the parasitaemia level and mortality of
the mice were determined every 2 days, and the data were analysed using ANOVA with a 95% confidence level. The results indicated that T. evansi isolates exhibited virulence levels classified as high, moderate and low. Each
virulence exhibited a distinct parasitaemia pattern.
However, high virulence was not associated with short prepatent periods. The results indicated that the surra epidemic in Indonesia is characterised by strains
with varying degree of virulence in water buffaloes necessitating the
development of effective treatment strategies.
Keywords: Mice;
pathogenic; prepatent; Trypanosoma evansi; virulence
Abstrak
Trypanosoma evansi ialah parasit protozoa darah ekstrasel yang menyebabkan Surra dalam ternakan, tetapi hanya beberapa kajian telah dijalankan tentang kepatogenan pencilannya. Sementara itu, kadar pertumbuhan parasit dan panjang tempoh prapaten dalam pelbagai jenis lembu dan mencit didapati adalah setara. Oleh itu, penyelidikan lanjut mengenai kesan kepatogenan dan tempoh pra-paten T. evansi dalam mencit adalah perlu untuk membantu dalam pemahaman epidemiologi dan strategi rawatan lapangan untuk Surra. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan potensi patogen bagi pencilan T. evansi dari Indonesia dan tempoh prapatennya. Sebanyak 32 pencilan T. evansi dari pelbagai wilayah di Indonesia telah disuntik secara intraperitoneal ke dalam tiga mencit DDY jantan (104 parasit/0.3
mL) bagi setiap pencilan. Di samping itu, tahap parasitemia dan kematian mencit ditentukan setiap 2 hari dan data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan tahap keyakinan 95%. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pencilan T. evansi menunjukkan tahap kevirulenan yang dikelaskan sebagai tinggi, sederhana dan rendah. Setiap kevirulenan mempamerkan corak parasitemia yang berbeza. Namun begitu, kevirulenan yang tinggi tidak dikaitkan dengan tempoh prapaten yang singkat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa wabak surra di Indonesia dicirikan oleh strain dengan pelbagai tahap kevirulenan dalam kerbau air yang memerlukan pembangunan strategi rawatan yang berkesan.
Kata kunci: Kevirulenan; mencit; patogen; prapaten; Trypanosoma evansi
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