Sains Malaysiana
52(2)(2023): 533-545
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5202-16
Batch
and Continuous Flow Treatment Studies of Trichloroethylene Contaminated in
Water by Silver and Cerium Doped Zinc Oxide Adsorption
and Photocatalysis
(Kajian Rawatan Kumpulan dan Aliran Berterusan
Trikloroetilena Tercemar dalam Air oleh Perak dan Cerium Terdop Zink Oksida
Penjerapan dan Fotopemangkinan)
SARTTRAWUT TULAPHOL1,5, NURAK GRISDANURAK2.3,
FRANKLIN ANARIBA4, CHANTRA TONGCUMPOU5 & PUMMARIN KHAMDAHSAG5,*
1Sustainable Polymer & Innovative Composite
Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King
Mongkut’s University of Technology,
Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
2Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Thammasat School of Engineering, Thammasat University, Pathumthani
12120, Thailand
3Center of Excellence in Environmental Catalysis and
Adsorption, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
4Engineering Product Development (EPD), Singapore
University of Technology and Design, 487372, Singapore
5Environmental Research Institute, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Diserahkan:
30 Jun 2022/Diterima: 5 Disember 2022
Abstract
The development of photocatalytic treatment in continuous flow systems to
be more practical is challenging. This research aimed to study batch and
continuous flow treatment of trichloroethylene (TCE) contaminated in water by
silver and cerium doped zinc oxide (0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO) visible light driven
photocatalyst. This catalyst was selected to represent the green route
synthesis with simplicity and ease of upscaling. The 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO powder
was synthesized using sticky rice flour as a template. Mechanical coating of
the 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO powder on activated alumina (Al2O3) beads was done to improve the
appropriate packing in the fixed bed columns. Characterization of
0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO showed a higher response to visible light and smaller
crystallite size compared to zinc oxide synthesized with the same method. Using
sticky rice starch as a template increased the uniform distribution of the
elements. The photocatalytic batch test over 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO powder, 0.30
g/100 mL, could remove TCE up to 80% in 180 min. The decrease of TCE via
photocatalysis compared to volatilization, adsorption, and photolysis presented
the predominance of photocatalysis. Langmuir-Hinshelwood kinetics described
that the decrease of TCE more depended on the reaction than adsorption. In
addition, the TCE degradation steadily remained at 80-90% along the run of
0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO@Al2O3 photocatalysis under visible light from both warm white lamps and
sunlight in the continuous flow system. Besides photocatalysis, TCE adsorption
on 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO@Al2O3 packed in the columns showed
significant results. Our findings presented the possibility of applying the
photocatalytic continuous flow system to remove TCE in industrial wastewater.
Keywords: Continuous flow system; fixed
bed column; photocatalysis; visible light; zinc oxide
Abstrak
Pembangunan rawatan fotopemangkinan dalam sistem aliran berterusan untuk
menjadi lebih praktikal adalah mencabar. Penyelidikan ini
bertujuan untuk mengkaji kumpulan dan rawatan aliran berterusan trikloroetilena
(TCE) tercemar dalam air oleh perak dan cerium terdop zink oksida
(0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO) pemangkinan dipacu cahaya nampak. Pemangkin ini dipilih untuk mewakili sintesis laluan hijau dengan
kesederhanaan dan kemudahan peningkatan. Serbuk
0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO telah disintesis menggunakan tepung beras melekit sebagai
templat. Salutan mekanikal serbuk 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO pada manik
alumina teraktif (Al2O3) telah dilakukan untuk menambah
baik pembungkusan yang sesuai dalam turus lapisan tetap. Pencirian 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO menunjukkan tindak balas yang lebih tinggi
kepada cahaya boleh nampak dan saiz kristal yang lebih kecil berbanding zink
oksida yang disintesis dengan kaedah yang sama. Penggunaan kanji
beras pulut sebagai templat meningkatkan pengagihan unsur secara seragam. Ujian kumpulan fotopemangkinan ke atas serbuk 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO, 0.30
g/100 mL boleh mengeluarkan TCE sehingga 80% dalam 180 min. Penurunan TCE melalui fotopemangkinan berbanding dengan peruapan,
penjerapan dan fotolisis menunjukkan dominasi fotopemangkinan. Kinetik Langmuir-Hinshelwood menggambarkan bahawa penurunan TCE lebih
bergantung kepada tindak balas daripada penjerapan. Di samping itu, kemerosotan TCE secara berterusan kekal pada 80-90%
sepanjang kajian fotopemangkinan 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO@Al2O3 di bawah cahaya boleh nampak daripada kedua-dua lampu putih hangat dan cahaya
matahari dalam sistem aliran berterusan. Selain
fotopemangkinan, penjerapan TCE pada 0.005Ag-0.005Ce-ZnO@Al2O3 yang terpadat dalam turus menunjukkan hasil yang ketara. Penemuan kami membentangkan kemungkinan menggunakan sistem aliran
berterusan fotopemangkinan untuk menyingkirkan TCE dalam air sisa industri.
Kata kunci: Cahaya boleh nampak; fotopemangkinan; sistem aliran berterusan; turus lapisan tetap; zink oksida
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: pummarin.k@chula.ac.th
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