Sains Malaysiana 52(2)(2023): 613-623

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5202-22

Variations in the Indonesian Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae) Based on Characteristics of Morphology, Anatomy and Cytology

(Variasi Sauromatum horsfieldii Miq. (Araceae) dari Indonesia Berdasarkan Ciri Morfologi, Anatomi dan Sitologi)

YUZAMMI^*, INGGIT PUJI ASTUTI, TRI HANDAYANI, TITUT YULISTYARINI & JULISASI TRI HADIAH

Research Center for Plant Conservation, Botanic Gardens and Forestry - BRIN, Indonesia

Diserahkan: 26 Mac 2022/Diterima: 9 November 2022

Abstract

Sauromatum horfieldii Miq. (Araceae) is distributed from India, China to South East Asia. In Indonesia, the species only occurs in Sumatera, Jawa, and Bali. This study investigated the morphological, anatomical, and cytological diversity of three populations of the species, one from each of these Indonesian islands. The results showed that there was variation in morphology of the petiole, number of leaflets and leaf margin. The stomatal complex consisted of elliptical pores with reniform guard cells and two or three subsidiary cells. The Indonesian plants of S. horsfieldii possessed two stomatal types, namely anomocytic and anisocytic, both with abaxial distribution (hypostomatic). Measurements on each population showed average stomatal indices (SI) of 10.01, 10.02 and 14.55, average stomatal lengths of 34.6, 33.8 and 29.50 μm, and average stomatal widths of 20.8, 21.1 and 16.50 μm for Sumatera, Jawa, and Bali, respectively. The epidermal cells are mostly irregular and somewhat undulate. The chromosome number for all the accessions was 2n = 26.

Keywords: Anatomy; cytology; Indonesia; morphology; Sauromatum horsfieldii

Abstrak

Taburan Sauromatum horfieldii Miq. (Araceae) meliputi India, China hingga ke Asia Tenggara. Di Indonesia, spesies ini hanya dijumpai di Sumatera, Jawa dan Bali. Penyelidikan ini mengkaji variasi morfologi, anatomi dan sitologi spesies ini daripada tiga populasi di Indonesia (Sumatera, Jawa dan Bali). Hasil kajian menunjukkan terdapat variasi morfologi pada petiol, bilangan anak daun dan tepi daun bervariasi. Kompleks stomata terdiri daripada liang elips dengan sel penjaga berbentuk ginjal dan dua atau tiga sel tetangga. S. horsfieldii dari Indonesia mempunyai dua jenis stomata, iaitu anomosit dan anisosit yang tersebar di permukaan bawah daun (hipostoma). Ukuran pada setiap populasi menunjukkan indeks stomata purata bernilai 10.01, 10.02 dan 14.55, panjang stomata purata bersaiz 34.6, 33.8 dan 29.50 μm, lebar stomata purata bersaiz 20.8, 21.1 dan 16.50 μm masing-masing bagi sampel Sumatera, Jawa dan Bali. Sebahagian besar sel epidermis didapati tidak teratur dan agak bergelombang. Bilangan kromosom bagi semua aksesi adalah 2n = 26.

Kata kunci: Anatomi; Indonesia; morfologi; Sauromatum horsfieldii; sitology

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^*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: yuzammi@yahoo.co.id